{"id":231223,"date":"2022-04-02T23:19:09","date_gmt":"2022-04-02T15:19:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/?p=231223"},"modified":"2025-01-03T10:13:26","modified_gmt":"2025-01-03T02:13:26","slug":"peter-jon-pearce-biosphere-ecohouse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/peter-jon-pearce-biosphere-ecohouse\/","title":{"rendered":"\u63a2\u7d22\u4eba\u985e\u5728\u6975\u7aef\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u751f\u5b58\u4e4b\u9053\uff01Buckminster Fuller\uff0b\u751f\u7269\u57082\u865f\uff0bEames\u592b\u5a66\uff0c\u76ae\u723e\u65af\u8207\u751f\u7269\u5708\u4e8c\u865f\uff0fPeter Jon Pearce"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae\u723e\u65af\uff08Peter Jon Pearce\uff09\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u7522\u54c1\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u548c\u767c\u660e\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u7f8e\u570b<\/a>\u52a0\u5dde\u99ac\u5e03\u91cc\u7814\u767c\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u6de8\u96f6<\/a>\u80fd\u8017\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4f4f\u5b85\u30021958\u5e74\uff0c\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae\u723e\u65af\u62ff\u5230\u4f0a\u5229\u8afe\u4f0a\u5dde\u7684IIT\u5b78\u9662\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u5b78\u4f4d\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u70baEames \u592b\u5a66\uff08Charles and Ray Eames\uff09\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u96a8\u5f8c\u57281961\u5e74\u5275\u8fa6\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u516c\u53f8\u3002<\/p>\n

\"Peter
Peter Jon Pearce<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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\u4f4d\u65bc\u7f8e\u570b<\/a>\u4e9e\u5229\u6851\u90a3\u5dde\uff0c\u5efa\u8a2d\u7576\u4e2d\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5708\uff1a\u64c1\u6709700\u842c\u7acb\u65b9\u82f1\u544e\u7684\u5bc6\u9589\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u4f86\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5c01\u9589\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002(Courtesy CDO Venture LLP\/University of Arizona Biosphere 2)<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
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\u4ed6\u9084\u66fe\u8207<\/span>\u5df4\u514b\u654f\u65af\u7279\u00b7\u5bcc\u52d2\uff08<\/span>Buckminster Fuller<\/span>\uff09<\/span><\/strong>\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u6700\u51fa\u540d\u7684\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u7f8e\u570b<\/a>\u4e9e\u5229\u6851\u90a3\u5dde\u751f\u7269\u57082\u865f\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u548c\u4fdd\u8b77\u5c64\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u3002<\/span>\u9019\u500b\u6709\u8457700\u842c\u7acb\u65b9\u82f1\u544e\u7684\u5bc6\u9589\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u662f\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u4f86\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5c01\u9589\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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90\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u7fa4\u4eba<\/span>\u8a66\u5716\u5728\u9019\u500b\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u3001\u5bc6\u5c01\u7684\u3001\u81ea\u7d66\u81ea\u8db3\u7684\u6c23\u6ce1\u4e2d\u9577\u671f\u751f\u6d3b\u548c\u7a2e\u690d\u98df\u7269\u2014\u2014<\/span>\u7531\u6b64\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u6559\u8a13\u5c0d\u672a\u4f86\u7684\u706b\u661f\u6b96\u6c11\u8005\u4f86\u8aaa\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u500b\u597d\u5146\u982d<\/strong>\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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Biosphere 2 (1991), Arizona. The Wilderness Biome is shown on the upper left side, Habitat and the Agricultural Biome are in the centre and the lung domes on the right. (Courtesy Peter Jon Pearce)<\/span><\/em><\/h1>\n
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\u201cThe Biosphere created our fame and also our demise.\u201d (Courtesy CDO Venture LLP\/University of Arizona Biosphere 2)<\/span><\/em><\/h1>\n
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Diagram showing the different functions of Biosphere 2. (Courtesy CDO Venture LLP\/University of Arizona Biosphere 2)<\/span><\/em><\/h1>\n
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\u5f9e\u548c\u4f0a\u59c6\u65af<\/span>\u592b\u5a66\u4e00\u8d77\u8a2d\u8a08\u6905\u5b50\u7684\u7522\u54c1\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u8f49\u5230\u548c\u5df4\u514b\u660e\u65af\u7279\u00b7\u5bcc\u52d2\u4e00\u8d77\u7814\u7a76\u5fa9\u96dc\u7684\u5e7e\u4f55\u5716<\/span>\u5f62\uff0c\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae\u723e\u65af<\/span><\/span>\u975e\u5e38\u6295\u5165\u5730\u7814\u7a76\u6676\u9ad4\u5b78\u548c\u7a7a\u9593\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b78\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u76e1\u7ba1\u5728\u9ad8\u4e2d\u548c\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f9e\u672a\u4e0a\u904e\u4efb\u4f55\u5316\u5b78\u6216\u751f\u7269\u8ab2\u7a0b\uff0c\u4f46\u81ea\u884c\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u9019\u4e9b\u6750\u6599\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5728\u67e5\u723e\u65af\u5bb6\u898b\u5230\u5eb7\u62c9\u5fb7\u00b7\u74e6\u514b\u65af\u66fc\uff08Konrad Wachsmann\uff09\u5f8c\uff0c\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u958b\u59cb\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4ed6\u5beb\u7684\u4e00\u672c\u53eb\u505a\u300a\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u8f49\u6298\u9ede\u300b\uff08The Turning Point of Building<\/span>\uff09<\/strong>\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u57281958\u5e74\u5de6\u53f3\u7528\u5fb7\u8a9e\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u5f8c\u4f86\u7ffb\u8b6f\u6210\u82f1\u8a9e\uff0c\u7531\u840a\u56e0\u970d\u723e\u5fb7\u51fa\u7248\u3002<\/span>\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u8cb7\u4e86\u4e00\u672c\uff0c\u5f9e\u982d\u5230\u5c3e\u8b80\u4e86\u4e00\u904d\u3002<\/span>\u7136\u5f8c\u4ed6\u53c8\u7e7c\u7e8c\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u5bcc\u52d2\u548c\u5eb7\u62c9\u5fb7\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5bcc\u52d2\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u5728\u6676\u9ad4\u5b78\u3001\u5f62\u614b\u5b78\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5f62\u614b\u3001\u51b6\u91d1\u5b78\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u9818\u57df\u90fd\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u8ad6\u6587\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c0d\u5bcc\u52d2\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u8ad6\u65b7\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u67d0\u7a2e\u61f7\u7591\uff0c\u4e26\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u4ed6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u4fb7\u9650\u6027\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/h1>\n

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\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ed6\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5049\u5927\u7684\u96b1\u55bb\u6027\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u3002\u5f9e\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5e7e\u4f55\u5be6\u9ad4\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u4ed6\u89ba\u5f97\u5bcc\u52d2\u7684\u5354\u540c\u5e7e\u4f55\u5b78\u662f\u6709\u4fb7\u9650\u6027\u7684\u3002<\/span>\u5bcc\u52d2<\/span>\u628a\u610f\u7fa9\u6b78\u65bc\u7269\u7406\u5b87\u5b99\u4e2d\uff0c\u9019\u4f5c\u70ba\u96b1\u55bb\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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Buckminster Fuller in 1979 with its sphere of tensegrity, steering wheel prototype city. Credit:\u00a0PBS<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
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Buckminster Fuller raises his arms as he poses in front of a massive geodesic dome in Long Beach, California, on April 21, 1983. Fuller was widely known for popularizing the use of the domes. BOB RIHA JR\/GETTY IMAGES<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
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\u8b93<\/span>\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae<\/span>\u723e\u65af\u5370\u8c61\u6df1\u523b\u662f\u5bcc\u52d2<\/span>\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u65e9\u671f\u4f5c\u54c1\u30021927<\/span>\u81f31928\u5e74\uff0c\u5bcc\u52d2\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u6234\u99ac\u514b\u677e\u4f4f\u5b85\u00a0<\/strong>Dymaxion House\uff08\u4e00\u500b\u9ad8\u6548\u3001\u53ef\u5927\u898f\u6a21\u751f\u7522\u7684\u4f4f\u5b85\uff09\uff08Daymaxion\u7531dynamic\u3001maximum\u548ctension\u4e09\u500b\u8a5e\u62fc\u63a5\u800c\u6210\uff09<\/strong>\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u639b\u5728\u67f1\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684\u516d\u908a\u5f62\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u50cf\u500b\u96fb\u7e9c\u5854\u3002<\/span>\u76e1\u7ba1\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u7d50\u69cb\u8a2d\u8a08\u6216\u5efa\u7bc9\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u4ee4\u4eba\u8cea\u7591\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u81bd\u7684\u8a2d\u60f3\u3002<\/span>\u4f4f\u5b85\u7684\u5916\u5f62\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6a23\u7684\uff1f<\/span>\u62cb\u958b\u611f\u6027\u548c\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5305\u88b1\uff0cDymaxion House\u7d66\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u9019\u4e9b\u4eba\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u60f3\u50cf\u7a7a\u9593\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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Dymaxion House Model, 1927<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
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Dymaxion House\u00a0\u00a9 The Estate of R. Buckminster Fuller, via myipamm.net<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
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\u53e6\u4e00\u4ef6<\/span>\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae<\/span>\u723e\u65af\u8a8d\u70ba\u610f\u7fa9\u6df1\u9060\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u8207<\/span>\u6e2c\u5730\u7dda\u7a79\u9686<\/strong><\/span>(\u00a0geodesic dome)<\/span><\/strong>\u6709\u95dc\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u8aaa\u6e2c\u5730\u7dda\u7a79\u9686\u672c\u8eab\u7279\u5225\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5bcc\u52d2\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u7d50\u69cb\u539f\u5247\u662f\u8207\u898f\u6a21\u7121\u95dc\u7684\u3002<\/span>\u4ed6\u5411\u6211\u5011\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u540c\u6a23\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u539f\u7406\u5c0d\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u5c0f\u7a79\u9802\u548c\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u5de8\u7a79\u9802\u90fd\u662f\u9069\u7528\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e9b\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u539f\u5247\u5728\u5fae\u89c0\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u4e5f\u767c\u63ee\u8457\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/span>\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u6700\u5c0f\u80fd\u91cf\u7684\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4eba\u5011\u5f9e\u7814\u7a76\u81ea\u7136\u7d50\u69cb\u4e2d\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7bc4\u5f0f\u3002<\/span>\u4ed6\u6c92\u6709\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\uff0c\u4f46\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae<\/span>\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u5e7e\u4f55\u5f37\u5ea6\u3002<\/span>\u4ed6\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u5f62\u72c0\u662f\u7d50\u69cb\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6c7a\u5b9a\u56e0\u7d20\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
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\"\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u8499\u7279\u5a41\u751f\u7269\u5708\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u8207\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u8ae7\u5171\u8655\u7684\u4f0a\u7538\u5712\u00a0\/
\u52a0\u62ff\u5927<\/a>\u8499\u7279\u5a41\u751f\u7269\u5708\uff1a\u4eba\u985e\u8207\u74b0\u5883\u548c\u8ae7\u5171\u8655\u7684\u4f0a\u7538\u5712\u00a0\/ Buckminster Fuller<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n

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Buckminster Fuller<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
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\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae<\/span>\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u548c\u516c\u53f8Pearce Structures\u7684\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u7522\u54c1\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u7406\u89e3\u70bakit-of-parts<\/strong>\uff0c\u57fa\u65bc\u88dd\u914d\u548c\u52de\u5de5\u6a21\u5f0f\u4f86\u5236\u5b9a\u9805\u76ee\u69cb\u601d\u548c\u6230\u7565\u3002<\/span>\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae<\/span>\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u5e74\u8f15\u6642\u5c31\u66fe\u8a66\u5716\u60f3\u8fa6\u6cd5\u89e3\u6c7a\u9019\u500b\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/span>\u6211\u9084\u63a2\u7d22\u8a2d\u8a08\u53ef\u4ee5\u7531\u5ba2\u6236\u7d44\u88dd\u7684\u5bb6\u5177\u3002<\/span>\u4ed6\u63d0\u51fa\u9019\u7a2e\u60f3\u6cd5\u6bd4\u5b9c\u5bb6\u9084\u65e9\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\u901a\u904e\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u81ea\u52d5\u5316\u751f\u7522\uff0c\u4f60\u751f\u7522\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u96f6\u4ef6\u5305\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u767c\u8ca8\uff0c\u7531\u5ba2\u6236\u7d44\u88dd\u3002<\/span>\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8655\u7406\u88dd\u914d\u554f\u984c\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5be6\u8cea\u4e0a\u6c92\u6709\u89e3\u6c7a\u5de5\u5ee0\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\u7684\u52de\u52d5\u529b\u554f\u984c\u3002<\/span>\u7576\u898f\u6a21\u9054\u5230\u4e00\u500b\u81e8\u754c\u9ede\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u7576\u4f60\u767c\u73fe\u4f60\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u518d\u9019\u6a23\u505a\u4e86\uff0c\u4f60\u5c31\u6703\u958b\u59cb\u60f3\u8fa6\u6cd5\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u7a2e\u53ef\u4ee5\u666e\u904d\u6027\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\u9019\u7a2e\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u898f\u5247\u4f9d\u64da\u4e4b\u4e00\u662f\u4eba\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3002<\/span>\u4e00\u500b\u7d50\u69cb\u90e8\u4ef6\u7684\u91cd\u91cf\u548c\u5c3a\u5bf8\u5fc5\u9808\u6709\u9650\u5236\u6a19\u51c6\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f15\u677e\u5730\u62ff\u8d77\u5b83\u800c\u4e0d\u6703\u4f7f\u4ed6\u7684\u80cc\u90e8\u53d7\u5230\u50b7\u5bb3\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
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\u00a0The airtight glazing of Biosphere 2, inspired by Buckminster Fuller…\u00a0(Courtesy CDO Venture LLP\/University of Arizona Biosphere 2)<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
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…who\u00a0\u201cshowed that shape is the primary determinant of structural performance\u201d. (Courtesy CDO Venture LLP\/University of Arizona Biosphere 2)<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
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The different Biomes facilitate the flourishing of different life forms… (Courtesy CDO Venture LLP\/University of Arizona Biosphere 2)<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n

\u00a0<\/h1>\n
\u96d6\u7136\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae<\/span>\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u548c\u4f0a\u59c6\u65af\u3001\u5bcc\u52d2\u3001\u74e6\u514b\u65af\u66fc\u7684\u95dc\u7cfb\u90fd\u5f88\u89aa\u8fd1\u3002\u5728\u4ed6<\/span>\u70ba\u67e5\u723e\u65af\u5de5\u4f5c\u6642\uff0c\u4ed6\u9084\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4f0a\u59c6\u65af\u4e4b<\/span>\u5bb6\u3002Eames House<\/strong>\u4e5f\u7d66\u4ed6\u5e36\u4f86\u4e86\u555f<\/span>\u767c\u3002<\/span>\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u662f\u600e\u9ebc\u88ab\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u96f6<\/span>\u4ef6\uff0c\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7dca\u56fa\u4ef6\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u95dc\u65bc\u4f0a\u59c6\u65af\u4e4b\u5bb6\u7684\u795e\u8a71\uff0c\u5728\u67d0\u7a2e\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u662f\u78ba\u6709\u5176\u4e8b\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u7531\u73fe\u6210\u7684\u5de5\u696d\u90e8\u4ef6\u7d44<\/span>\u6210\u7684–\u5de5\u5b57\u92fc\u3001\u9810\u5236\u6841\u67b6\u3001\u9435\u5236\u5e73\u958b\u7a97\u7b49\u7b49\u3002<\/span>\u8aaa\u5b83\u771f\u5047\u53c3\u534a\u662f\u56e0\u70ba<\/span>\u5b83\u771f\u7684\u5728<\/span>\u4f7f\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u7d44\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u5011\u53c8\u78ba\u5be6\u5fc5\u9808\u88ab\u6539\u9020\u4ee5\u5951\u5408\u9019\u500b\u6982\u5ff5\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/section>\n
\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae<\/span>\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\u5728\u65bc\u4ed6<\/span>\u6240\u6709\u7684\u9810\u5236\u7d50\u69cb\u90fd\u6d89\u53ca\u5c08\u9580\u5efa\u9020\u3001\u5c08\u9580\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u90e8\u4ef6\u3002<\/span>\u63db\u53e5\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u4ed6<\/span>\u7684\u7d44\u4ef6\u6c92\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u662f\u73fe\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/span>\u5b83\u5011\u90fd\u662f\u5c08\u9580\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u3002<\/span>\u5728\u9019\u500b\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u88dd\u914d\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
Eames House\uff0ccourtesy of Eames Office<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
Eames House\uff0ccourtesy of Eames Office<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
Eames House\uff0ccourtesy of Eames Office<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
\u5728\u62ff\u5230\u300c<\/span>\u751f\u7269\u57082\u865f\u300d<\/span>\uff08<\/span>Biosphere 2\uff09<\/span>\u9019<\/span>\u500b<\/span>\u9805\u76ee\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae<\/span>\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u628a\u4ed6\u7684\u54e1\u5de5\u53ec\u96c6\u8d77\u4f86\uff1a<\/span>\u597d\u6d88\u606f\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u9805\u76ee\uff0c\u58de\u6d88\u606f\u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u5011\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u9805\u76ee\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/section>\n
\u76ae<\/span>\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u9996\u5148\u505a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u8207\u5efa\u7bc9\u5f62\u72c0\u548c\u7d50\u69cb\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span>\u5ba2\u6236\u8a2d\u60f3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u843d\u2014\u2014\u8352\u91ce\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u843d\u3001\u8fb2\u696d\u751f\u7269\u7fa4\u843d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u500b\u88ab\u4ed6\u5011\u7a31\u70ba\u80ba\u7a79\u7684\u7a79\u9802\u3002\u76ae<\/span>\u723e\u65af<\/span><\/span>\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b8c\u5584\u548c\u6539\u9032\u7684\u5efa\u8b70\uff0c<\/span>\u800c\u4e14\u6c92\u6709\u6539\u8b8a\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5e95\u5c64\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c<\/span>\u6700\u7d42\u6574\u9ad4\u7684\u5f62\u72c0\u662f\u63a5\u8fd1\u4ed6\u5011\u6240\u8a2d\u60f3\u7684\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u539f\u672c\u76ae<\/span>\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u4e0d\u6253\u7b97\u505a\u73bb\u7483\uff0c\u53ea\u505a\u7d50\u69cb\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u548c\u88fd\u9020\u3002\u4f46\u5ba2\u6236\u4e0d\u65b7\u5730\u53bb\u627e\u90a3\u4e9b\u505a\u5927\u5929\u7a97\u548c\u4e2d\u5ead\u7684\u5927\u516c\u53f8\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b<\/span>\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u9632\u6b62\u96e8\u6c34\u6ef2\u5165\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u73bb\u7483\u5bc6\u5c01\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u4f46\u90fd\u4ee5\u5931\u6557\u544a\u7d42\u3002\u6700\u5f8c\u9084\u662f\u7531\u76ae\u723e\u65af\u8a2d\u8a08\u89e3\u6c7a\u4e26\u5305\u4e0b\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u73bb\u7483\u5de5\u7a0b\u3002<\/strong><\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0<\/span>\u00b7\u76ae\u723e\u65af\u9084\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u53eb\u505a<\/span>\u300c\u751f\u5883\u300d\uff08\u00a0<\/span>Habitat<\/span>\uff09\u7684\u55ae\u5143\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5e36\u6709\u5713\u9802\u7684\u4f0a\u65af\u862d\u98a8\u683c\u7684\u5854\u3002\u9802\u90e8\u7684\u5c0f\u7a79\u9802\u88e1\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5716\u66f8\u9928<\/a>\u3002\u9084\u642d\u5efa\u4e86\u7a79\u9802\u548c\u4e00\u500b\u92fc\u5305\u5c64\u7cfb\u7d71\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u76ae\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u9019\u500b\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u4f46\u6700\u5f8c\u537b\u9677\u5165\u4e86\u8cc7\u91d1\u7a7a\u7f3a\u7684\u56f0\u5883\u3002<\/strong><\/span>\u4e94\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u500b\u539f\u56e0\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\u9019\u9805\u8a08\u756b\u3002\u751f\u7269\u57082\u865f<\/span><\/span><\/span>\u662f\u5049\u5927\u7684\u3002\u4ed6\u7d66\u76ae\u723e\u65af\u5e36\u53bb\u4e86<\/span>\u540d\u8072\uff0c\u4e5f\u5e36\u53bb\u4e86\u6d88\u4ea1\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n

\u00a0…such as the Ocean Biome, complete with coral reef… (Courtesy CDO Venture LLP\/University of Arizona Biosphere 2)<\/span><\/em><\/h1>\n

\u00a0<\/h1>\n
<\/section>\n

\u00a0…the Agricultural Biome, used to feed the inhabitants of the facility… (Courtesy CDO Venture LLP\/University of Arizona Biosphere 2)<\/span><\/em><\/h1>\n

\u00a0<\/h1>\n
<\/section>\n

\u00a0…and Habitat, the \u201cIslamic-looking\u201d structure in the foreground, designed for humans and kitted out with a library in its tower. (Courtesy CDO Venture LLP\/University of Arizona Biosphere 2)<\/span><\/em><\/h1>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
\u76ae\u723e\u65af\u751f\u614b\u5c4b\uff08Pearce Ecohouse\uff09<\/span><\/strong>\u662f<\/span>\u4e00\u500b\u6de8\u96f6<\/a>\u80fd\u8017\u7684\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u7531\u92fc\u3001\u73bb\u7483\u548c\u92c1\u88fd\u6210\u3002<\/span>\u7a7a\u8abf\u662f\u80fd\u6e90\u7684\u6700\u5927\u6d88\u8017\u8005\uff0c<\/span>\u57fa\u65bc\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u623f\u5b50\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u662f\u570d\u7e5e\u6c23\u5019\u7ba1\u7406\u5929\u68da\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u5c55\u958b\u7684\u3002<\/span>\u4f7f\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u8b8a\u6696\u7684\u662f\u592a\u967d\u8f3b\u5c04\u3002<\/span>\u9019\u500b\u60f3\u6cd5\u662f\u70ba\u4e86\u6514\u622a\u592a\u967d\u8f3b\u5c04\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u6c38\u9060\u4e0d\u6703\u89f8\u9054\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u570d\u8b77\u7d50\u69cb\uff0c\u8af8\u5982\u7246\u9762\u548c\u5c4b\u9802\u7b49\u8868\u5c64\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/section>\n
\u5efa\u7bc9\u570d\u7246\u5728\u708e\u71b1\u7684\u6708\u4efd\u8655\u65bc\u9670\u6dbc\u8655\uff0c\u5728\u5bd2\u51b7\u7684\u6708\u4efd\u8655\u65bc\u967d\u5149\u4e0b\u3002<\/span>\u9019\u662f\u901a\u904e\u5d4c\u5957\u5728\u5916\u9aa8\u9abc\u4e2d\u7684\u767e\u8449\u7a97\u65b9\u6848\u4f86\u5be6\u73fe\u7684\uff0c\u5b83\u652f\u6490\u8457\u4e00\u500b\u5e36\u6709\u53ef\u64cd\u4f5c\u7a97\u6236<\/span>\u7684\u5168\u73bb\u7483\u5916\u6bbc\u3002<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u5f9e<\/span>Dymaxion House<\/span>\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u555f\u767c\uff0c<\/span>\u76ae\u723e\u65af<\/span>\u8a66\u5716\u62cb\u958b\u6240\u6709\u95dc\u65bc\u623f\u5c4b\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684\u5148\u5165\u70ba\u4e3b\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u62cb\u958b\u6240\u6709\u611f\u6027\u5c64\u9762\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u3002<\/span>\u9019\u500b\u8a2d\u8a08\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u4e00\u500b\u5177\u9ad4\u554f\u984c\u7684\u89e3\u6c7a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5b83\u878d\u5165\u4e86\u76ae\u723e\u65af\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\u6240\u5b78\u5230\u7684\u4e00\u5207\u3002<\/span><\/strong><\/section>\n
\u00a0<\/span><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
Pearce Ecohouse rendering, Santa Monica Mountains, Los Angeles County. (\u00a9 Peter Jon Pearce)<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
The kit-of-parts theory used to construct the Pearce Ecohouse is made visible in the render. (\u00a9 Peter Jon Pearce)<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n

\u00a0<\/h1>\n
<\/section>\n
\u76ae\u723e\u65af\u751f\u614b\u5c4b\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u751f\u6d3b\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u5167\u90e8\u6548\u679c\u5716 \u00a9 Peter Jon Pearce<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
<\/section>\n
\u6ce1\u6ce1\u57ce\u5821\uff08\u3057\u3083\u307c\u3093\u7389\u306e\u304a\u57ce\uff09 Curved Space (1993), \u96d5\u523b\u4e4b\u68ee\u7f8e\u8853\u9928<\/a> Hakone Open Air Sculpture Museum, Japan<\/a>. (\u00a9 Peter Jon Pearce)<\/span><\/em><\/section>\n

\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u7d04\u7ff0\u00b7\u76ae\u723e\u65af\uff08Peter Jon Pearce\uff09\u662f\u7f8e\u570b\u7522\u54c1\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u8207\u767c\u660e\u5bb6\uff0c\u66fe\u65bc\u4e00\u4e5d\u4e94\u516b\u5e74\u7372\u4f0a\u5229\u8afe\u4f0a\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u7522\u54c1\u8a2d\u8a08\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u5f8c\u65bc\u4e00\u4e5d\u516d\u4e00\u5e74\u5275\u7acb\u516c\u53f8\u3002\u4ed6\u66fe\u8207\u4f0a\u59c6\u65af\u592b\u5a66\u5171\u4e8b\uff0c\u4e26\u8207\u5df4\u514b\u654f\u65af\u7279\u00b7\u5bcc\u52d2\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u5176\u6700\u77e5\u540d\u4f5c\u54c1\u70ba\u4e9e\u5229\u6851\u90a3\u5dde\u751f\u7269\u5708\u4e8c\u865f\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u8207\u4fdd\u8b77\u5c64\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u6b64\u5c01\u9589\u751f\u614b\u7cfb\u7d71\u64c1\u6709\u4e03\u767e\u842c\u7acb\u65b9\u82f1\u544e\u7684\u5bc6\u9589\u7a7a\u9593\u3002\u76ae\u723e\u65af\u4ea6\u8a2d\u8a08\u6de8\u96f6\u80fd\u8017\u7684\u76ae\u723e\u65af\u751f\u614b\u5c4b\uff0c\u4ee5\u92fc\u3001\u73bb\u7483\u8207\u92c1\u69cb\u6210\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u6c23\u5019\u7ba1\u7406\u5929\u68da\u70ba\u8a2d\u8a08\u6838\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":231228,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9971,4],"tags":[9753,1599,228,149,151,40],"class_list":{"0":"post-231223","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-architecture-zh","8":"category-architecture-projects-zh","9":"tag-richard-buckminster-fuller","10":"tag-1599","11":"tag-228","12":"tag-149","13":"tag-151","14":"tag-40"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/231223","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=231223"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/231223\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":372749,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/231223\/revisions\/372749"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/231228"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=231223"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=231223"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=231223"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}