{"id":267018,"date":"2013-05-11T10:30:01","date_gmt":"2013-05-11T02:30:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/?p=267018"},"modified":"2024-05-16T17:43:56","modified_gmt":"2024-05-16T09:43:56","slug":"%e7%be%85%e6%99%82%e7%91%8b-%e7%95%b6%e5%bb%ba%e7%af%89%e8%88%87%e6%99%82%e9%96%93%e5%81%9a%e6%9c%8b%e5%8f%8b-%e5%8f%b0%e7%81%a3%e5%9c%a8%e5%9c%b0%e5%bb%ba%e7%af%89","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/%e7%be%85%e6%99%82%e7%91%8b-%e7%95%b6%e5%bb%ba%e7%af%89%e8%88%87%e6%99%82%e9%96%93%e5%81%9a%e6%9c%8b%e5%8f%8b-%e5%8f%b0%e7%81%a3%e5%9c%a8%e5%9c%b0%e5%bb%ba%e7%af%89\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7576\u5efa\u7bc9\u8207\u6642\u9593\u505a\u670b\u53cb\uff1a\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u53f0\u7063\u5728\u5730\u5efa\u7bc9\u8ad6\u8ff0"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u524d\u8a00<\/h3>\n

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\u4f46\u662f\u300c\u73fe\u4ee3\u4eba\u300d\u4e5f\u9019\u6a23\u8d70\u904e\u4f86\u4e86\uff0c\u4e0d\u7ba1\u5982\u4f55\u550f\u5653\u60b5\u60d8\uff0c\u7562\u7adf\u9109\u6101\u4e5f\u7121\u6fdf\u65bc\u4e8b\u3002 \u627e\u56de\u6642\u9593\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8b93\u81ea\u5df1\u4e5f\u6210\u70ba\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u91cd\u65b0\u628a\u6642\u9593\u770b\u6210\u662f\u7121\u53ef\u53d6\u4ee3\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7e3d\u5c07\u5b83\u4ea4\u63db\u6210\u9322\u6216\u529f\u5229\u90a3\u56de\u4e8b\u3002 \u800c\u6211\u5011\u5e38\u8aaa\u73fe\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u7e3d\u4ee5\u7a7a\u9593\u53d6\u4ee3\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6642\u5019\u662f\u91dd\u5c0d\u73fe\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u540c\u8cea\u6027\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7b49\u8ffd\u6c42\u5408\u7406\u8207\u6548\u7387\u7b49\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u627e\u56de\u6642\u9593\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u539f\u8c8c\uff0c\u61c9\u662f\u8d70\u51fa\u73fe\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u6700\u6838\u5fc3\u6311\u6230\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e00\u3001\u300c\u6642\u9593\u6eff\u8f09\u300d (Time-filled) \u6216\u300c\u6642\u9593\u751f\u6210\u300d(Time-Becoming)\uff1f<\/h3>\n

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\u6216\u8a31\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e26\u4e0d\u9808\u5b8c\u5168\u907f\u958b\u300c\u5982\u4f55\u586b\u6eff\u6642\u9593\uff1f\u300d(\u6216\u5982\u4f55\u4f54\u6709\u6642\u9593\uff1f)\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u5c0d\u50cf\u53f0\u7063\u8655\u5883\u4e2d\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\uff0c\u4e0d\u9808\u8981\u5c07\u4e4b\u8996\u70ba\u4e3b\u8981\u554f\u984c\u770b\u5f85\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8a72\u512a\u5148\u53bb\u8ffd\u7d22\u300c\u5982\u4f55\u91cb\u653e\u6642\u9593\uff1f\u300d\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u554f\u984c\u3002 \u6216\u8aaa\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8b93\u6642\u9593\u4e5f\u6709\u6240\u4f5c\u70ba\uff1f \u8b93\u5efa\u7bc9\u6210\u70ba\u6642\u9593\u7684\u51fd\u6578\uff1f \u800c\u4e14\u662f\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u89e3\u653e\u672c\u4f86\u6642\u9593\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u6027\u8cea\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e8c\u3001\u6642\u9593\u5883\u8c61(Timescape) — \u6642\u9593\u7684\u908a\u754c<\/h3>\n

\u771f\u5be6\u7684\u6642\u9593\u662f\u6bcf\u500b\u4eba\u7d93\u9a57\u7684\u5982\u5176\u6240\u662f\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6a5f\u68b0\u9418\u8868\u5448\u73fe\u7684\u7d55\u5c0d\u6a19\u6e96\u5316\u7684\u5206\u79d2\u523b\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u610f\u7fa9\u7a7a\u767d\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u7269\u8cea\u8207\u80fd\u91cf\u6240\u4ea4\u7e54\u6210\u7684\u6709\u60c5\u4e16\u754c\u3002(Andrew Abbott, 2001: 232) \u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u6c38\u9060\u4ee5\u6642\u9593\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u767c\u751f\u3001\u5c55\u958b\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u666f\u89c0\uff0c\u666f\u89c0\u9019\u5169\u5b57\u592a\u5bb9\u6613\u8a98\u5c0e\u5230\u4e00\u7a2e\u7a7a\u9593\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u610f\u601d\uff0c\u5c07Timescape\u7ffb\u8b6f\u70ba\u300c\u6642\u9593\u5883\u8c61\u300d\u61c9\u8f03\u8cbc\u5207\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u300c\u6642\u9593\u5883\u8c61\u300d\u5c08\u6307\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u6642\u9593\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f86\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u300c\u751f\u6210\u300d\u73fe\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u963f\u64d8\u7279\u4ee5\u6642\u9593\u672c\u8cea\u4f86\u91cd\u65b0\u770b\u5f85\u74b0\u5883\uff0c\u300c\u908a\u754c\u300d(boundary)\u56e0\u6b64\u7372\u5f97\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u8a6e\u91cb\u3002 \u5f9e\u300c\u7a7a\u9593\u300d\u4f86\u770b\u908a\u754c\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u5169\u4e8b\u7269\u6216\u5169\u7bc4\u7587\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u4ea4\u754c(interface)\uff0c\u963f\u64d8\u7279\u5373\u4ee5\u300c\u96c6\u5408\u300d\u6982\u5ff5\u4f86\u63cf\u8ff0\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u908a\u754c\u610f\u7fa9\uff1a M\u96c6\u5408\u7684\u908a\u754c\u9ede\u662fx\uff0c\u800cx\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u9130\u63a5\u9ede\u5305\u542b\u81f3\u5c11\u4e00\u9ede\u5728M\u4e2d\u548c\u4e00\u9ede\u5728M\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u908a\u754c\u662fM\u8207\u975eM\u4e4b\u9593\u90a3\u689d\u4ea4\u754c\u7dda\u3002 \u4f46\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u908a\u754c\u300d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u9084\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u8d85\u8d8a\uff0c\u5728S\u7a7a\u9593\u4e2d\u7684\u908a\u754c\u9ede\u662fx\uff0c\u800cx\u5305\u542b\u81f3\u5c11\u5169\u9ede\uff1a\u4e0d\u662f\u5728M\u4e2d\u7684\u9ede\u53ca\u4e0d\u5728M\u4e2d\u7684\u9ede (not one in M and one not in M)\u3002(A. Abbott, 2001: 264-265) \u65bc\u662f\u908a\u754c\u4e26\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65bcM\u6240\u5728\u7684\u5411\u5ea6\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5b58\u5728\u65bc\u300c\u4e0d\u540c\u65bc\u300dM\u9019\u5411\u5ea6\u7684\u53e6\u5916\u5411\u5ea6\u4e0a\u3002\u9019\u662f\u5f9e\u6642\u9593\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u5b9a\u7fa9\u7684\u908a\u754c\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u908a\u754c\u66f4\u63a5\u8fd1\u300c\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u300d(horizon)\u7684\u610f\u601d\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u5176\u5be6\u963f\u64d8\u7279\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u300c\u4e0d\u662f\u5728M\u4e2d\u7684\u9ede\u53ca\u4e0d\u5728M\u4e2d\u7684\u9ede\u300d\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c31\u662f\u4f5b\u7d93\u4e0a\u5e38\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u300c\u975e\u76f8\u975e\u975e\u76f8\u300d\uff1f \u751a\u9ebc\u662f\u975e\u76f8\u975e\u975e\u76f8\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u62ff\u5230\u96a8\u6642\u5145\u6eff\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4e16\u754c\u4f86\u60f3\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u5411\u300c\u65b0\u76f8\u300d\uff01 \u65b0\u76f8\u5728\u751f\u6210\u4e4b\u969b—\u5c07\u51fa\u672a\u51fa\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u300c\u975eM\u300d(M\u4e4b\u5916)\u3001\u53c8\u4e0d\u662f\u300cM\u300d(M\u672c\u8eab)\uff0c\u56e0\u70baM\u5728\u8b8a\u5316\u751f\u6210\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u662f\u300c\u4e0b\u4e00\u8005\u300d(the next)\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u300c\u6642\u9593\u5883\u8c61\u300d\uff01\u5b83\u7121\u6cd5\u4ee5\u7a7a\u9593\u5f62\u5f0f\u4f86\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4ee5\u6642\u9593\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u6027\u8cea\u4f86\u60f3\u50cf\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u6240\u4ee5\u6642\u9593\u5883\u8c61\u4e2d\u908a\u754c\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u4e0d\u5728\u4ea4\u754c\u908a\u7dda\u6216\u5340\u9694\u7dda\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u908a\u754c\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u8b8a\u5316\u767c\u751f\u7576\u4e0b\u5373\u5c07\u63ed\u793a\u7684\u65b0\u7d93\u9a57\u3002 \u57fa\u65bc\u9019\u7a2e\u5c0d\u908a\u754c\u7684\u770b\u6cd5\uff0c\u963f\u64d8\u7279\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5011\u4e0d\u61c9\u8a72\u53bb\u8ffd\u5c0b\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u908a\u754c\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u8a72\u8ffd\u5c0b\u908a\u754c\u7684\u4e8b\u7269\u3002\u300d (Ibid: 261) \u4ea6\u5373\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u908a\u754c\u5148\u65bc\u5be6\u9ad4\u300d\u3002 \u5ef6\u4f38\u5230\u5efa\u7bc9\u7bc4\u7587\u4f86\u60f3\uff0c\u8a2d\u8a08\u8005\u5fc3\u4e2d\u8981\u5148\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u65b0\u7684\u300c\u908a\u754c\u300d\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u627e\u51fa\u908a\u754c\u4e8b\u7269\uff0c\u8ce6\u4e88\u5b83(\u5011)\u4e00\u65b0\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002 \u908a\u754c\u7684\u610f\u7fa9\u5728\u65bc\uff0c\u908a\u754c\u5167\u5916\u7684\u5dee\u7570\u8db3\u5920\u660e\u986f\uff0c\u610f\u5373\u662f\uff0c\u5dee\u7570\u7684\u5f37\u5ea6\u6c7a\u5b9a\u908a\u754c\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/p>\n

\n

\u838a\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u5247\u95dc\u65bc\u300c\u6e3e\u6c8c\u300d\u7684\u5bd3\u8a00\u900f\u9732\u51fa\u5c0d\u6642\u9593\u7279\u8cea\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5357\u6d77\u4e4b\u5e1d\u70ba\u9bc8\uff0c\u5317\u6d77\u4e4b\u5e1d\u70ba\u5ffd\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u4e4b\u5e1d\u70ba\u6e3e\u6c8c\u3002 \u9bc8\u8207\u5ffd\u6642\u76f8\u8207\u9047\u65bc\u6e3e\u6c8c\u4e4b\u5730\uff0c\u6e3e\u6c8c\u5f85\u4e4b\u751a\u5584\u3002 \u9bc8\u8207\u5ffd\u8b00\u5831\u6e3e\u6c8c\u4e4b\u5fb7\uff0c\u66f0\uff1a\u300c\u4eba\u7686\u6709\u4e03\u7ac5\u4ee5\u8996\u807d\u98df\u7fd2\uff0c\u6b64\u7368\u7121\u6709\uff0c\u5617\u8a66\u947f\u4e4b\u3002\u300d \u65e5\u947f\u4e00\u7ac5\uff0c\u4e03\u65e5\u800c\u6e3e\u6c8c\u6b7b\u3002(\u838a\u5b50\uff0d\u61c9\u5e1d\u738b)<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u6e3e\u6c8c\u7121\u773c\u800c\u80fd\u898b\uff0c\u7121\u8033\u800c\u80fd\u807d\uff0c\u7121\u9f3b\u800c\u80fd\u606f\uff0c\u7121\u53e3\u800c\u80fd\u98df\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u6e3e\u6c8c\u662f\u5728\u6642\u9593\u4e2d\u81ea\u7531\u5f80\u4f86\u7684\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u53ef\u4ee5\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u6240\u6709\u300c\u5c07\u73fe\u800c\u672a\u73fe\u300d\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u7576\u4ed6\u88ab\u947f\u51fa\u773c\u8033\u9f3b\u53e3\u4e03\u7ac5\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u53ea\u80fd\u770b\u807d\u98df\u7fd2\u5230\u73fe\u5728\u5df2\u73fe\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u55aa\u5931\u4e86\u5728\u6642\u9593\u4e2d\u904a\u8d70\u7684\u81ea\u7531\u5ea6\uff0c\u7576\u4ed6\u7121\u80fd\u611f\u77e5\u5230\u672a\u4f86—\u90a3\u5c07\u73fe\u800c\u672a\u73fe\u7684\u771f\u5be6\u3001\u90a3\u53ef\u80fd\u5347\u8d77\u7684\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u6b7b\u4e86—\u6216\u8005\uff0c\u4ed6\u5be7\u53ef\u6b7b\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u770b\u61c2\u838a\u5b50\u7684\u9019\u5247\u5bd3\u8a00\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u4e5f\u624d\u80fd\u4e86\u89e3\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u840a\u5e03\u5c3c\u8332(Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz)\u8981\u8aaa\uff1a\u300c\u55ae\u5b50\u6c92\u6709\u7a97\u6236\u300d\u4e86\u3002 \u840a\u5e03\u5c3c\u8332\u5c07\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u57fa\u672c\u69cb\u6210\u55ae\u4f4d\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u55ae\u5b50\u300d(monad)\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u90a3\u5df4\u6d1b\u514b\u6642\u4ee3\uff0c\u90a3\u5145\u6eff\u6d41\u52d5\u6027\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u6c1b\u570d\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u5b9a\u4e5f\u9ad4\u6703\u5230\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u69cb\u6210\u4e0d\u55ae\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u7a7a\u9593\u5411\u5ea6\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u6642\u9593\u5411\u5ea6\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u767c\u5c55\u51fa\u4f86\u3002 \u5047\u5982\u840a\u5e03\u5c3c\u8332\u8b80\u904e\u838a\u5b50\uff0c\u4ed6\u6703\u540c\u610f\uff1a\u55ae\u5b50\u5c31\u662f\u6e3e\u6c8c\u3002 \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u539f\u521d\u69cb\u6210\uff0c\u4e26\u975e\u662f\u6240\u8b02\u7c92\u5b50\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u7a7a\u9593\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u820a\u7d04\u5275\u4e16\u7d00\u4e2d\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8aaa\u51fa\u300c\u9019\u662f\u5929\u300d\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u90a3\u72c0\u614b—\u90a3\u4e0d\u53ef\u8aaa\u3001\u7121\u4ee5\u8a00\u8aaa\u7684\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u90a3\u7a2e\u6642\u9593\u7a7a\u9593\u9084\u672a\u88ab\u5340\u8fa8\u5206\u958b\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7c73\u5fb7(G. H. Mead)\u4e5f\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u73fe\u5728\u300d\u5145\u6eff\u8b8a\u5316\u4e4b\u6a5f\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u4e00\u56fa\u5b9a\u6642\u9593\u9ede\u3002 \u5b83\u662f\u7531\u65b0\u751f(emergence)\u8207\u8a8d\u540c(identification)\u4e00\u8d77\u4fc3\u6210\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u65b0\u751f\u662f\u6307\u5728\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u81e8\u754c\u9ede\u4e0a\uff0c\u7e3d\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u540c\u6642\u8655\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7d71\u4e2d\u7684\u5143\u7d20(\u8b6c\u5982\u65b0\u8207\u820a\u7684\u5169\u4e0d\u540c\u7cfb\u7d71)\uff0c\u8a8d\u540c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u8b8a\u5316\u4e00\u5b9a\u5728\u8207\u4ed6\u8005\u4e92\u52d5\u74b0\u5883\u4e4b\u4e2d\u767c\u751f\uff0c\u500b\u9ad4\u7e3d\u662f\u5438\u7d0d\u4e86\u300c\u88ab\u540c\u5316\u7684\u4ed6\u8005\u300d(generalized other)\u3002(Mead, G.H. 2003: 82-86, 128-147) \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u7e3d\u662f\u4ee5\u65b0\u820a\u4ea4\u758a\u3001\u81ea\u4ed6\u4e92\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5448\u73fe\uff0c\u5f9e\u4f86\u6c92\u6709\u904e\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u6642\u9593\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u3001\u908a\u9672\u5373\u662f\u524d\u7dda — \u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u53f0\u7063\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u300c\u4f4d\u7f6e\u6c7a\u5b9a\u8ad6\u300d<\/h3>\n

1990\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u793e\u6703\u529b\u84ec\u52c3\u8208\u8d77\uff0c\u793e\u5340\u610f\u8b58\u3001\u5730\u65b9\u8a8d\u540c\u6216\u6c11\u9593\u6d3b\u529b\u5f62\u6210\u7531\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u7684\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u900f\u904e\u653f\u6cbb\u6539\u9769\uff0c\u4e5f\u63a8\u52d5\u793e\u6703\u8f49\u578b\u5411\u66f4\u5177\u516c\u6c11\u53c3\u8207\u7684\u958b\u653e\u793e\u6703\u5f62\u614b\u3002 \u6709\u4e00\u6279\u7576\u6642\u4e09\u3001\u56db\u5341\u6b72\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u5e7e\u500b\u6307\u6a19\u6027\u4f5c\u54c1—\u5982\u65b0\u7af9<\/a>\u4e4b\u5fc3\u3001\u5b9c\u862d\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u5927\u6a13\u3001\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e5d\u4e8c\u4e00\u5730\u9707\u707d\u5f8c\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u516c\u5171\u5efa\u7bc9<\/a>(\u5305\u62ec\u5b78\u6821<\/a>\u91cd\u5efa)\uff0c\u851a\u6210\u4e00\u80a1\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u9593<\/a>\u6539\u9020\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7e8c\u5230\u4e8c\u5341\u4e00\u4e16\u7d00\u4f86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u73fe\u5728\u56de\u770b\u9019\u7fa4\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u7684\u5be6\u8e10\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u4e0d\u7d04\u800c\u540c\u7684\u5206\u4eab\u8457\u4e00\u4e9b\u5171\u540c\u4fe1\u5ff5\uff1a \u4ed6\u5011\u8a8d\u70ba\u5728\u5b8c\u6210\u300c\u6642\u9593\u586b\u6eff\u300d(time-filled)\u7684\u85dd\u8853\u6210\u5c31\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u300c\u6642\u9593\u751f\u6210\u300d(time-becoming)\u662f\u66f4\u6025\u8feb\u7684\u8b70\u984c\u3002 \u800c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u8868\u73fe\uff0c\u9084\u7a31\u4e0d\u4e0a\u300c\u5730\u57df\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d(regionalism)\uff0c\u4f46\u76f8\u7576\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u5efa\u69cb\u51fa\u300c\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u300d(locality)\u8ad6\u8ff0\uff0c\u5728\u6297\u62d2\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u5546\u54c1\u5316\u6d6a\u6f6e\u7684\u4fb5\u8972\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4ee5\u300c\u5730\u65b9\u6027\u300d\u59ff\u614b\u3001\u800c\u975e\u4ee5\u300c\u5730\u57df\u6027\u300d\u5143\u7d20\u4f86\u6230\u9b25\uff0c\u4ee5\u884c\u52d5\u751a\u65bc\u6a19\u7c64\u3001\u4ee5\u52d5\u8a5e\u751a\u65bc\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5411\u5168\u7403\u5316\u5de8\u6d41\u5ba3\u6230\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7d55\u4e0d\u662f\u300c\u5730\u65b9\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u300d(local architects)\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u8a72\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u5728\u5730\u5be6\u8e10\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u300d(architects practicing locally)\u3002 \u56e0\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u6709\u610f\u7684\u4e0d\u63a5(\u6216\u5c11\u63a5)\u623f\u5730\u7522\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6848\u5b50\uff0c\u4e3b\u52d5\u53c3\u52a0\u5730\u65b9\u4e0a\u516c\u90e8\u9580\u7684\u7af6\u5716<\/a>\u4ee5\u7372\u5f97\u59d4\u8a17\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4ee5\u81ea\u7531\u610f\u5fd7\u9078\u64c7\u7ad9\u5230\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5c07\u5730\u65b9\u8996\u70ba\u6230\u7565\u6027\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5c07\u908a\u9672\u8996\u70ba\u524d\u7dda\uff0c\u8207\u6642\u9593\u70ba\u53cb\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u662f\u8207\u5730\u65b9\u7684\u6642\u9593\u505a\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u5728\u904e\u53bb\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u5728\u5730\u5efa\u69cb\u51fa\u53f0\u7063\u5730\u65b9\u516c\u5171\u6027\u6642\u9593\u5883\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56db\u3001\u9ec3\u8072\u9060\u7684\u5728\u5730\u5be6\u8e10 —\u6642\u9593\u5730\u4e0b\u8396 (Time Rhizome)<\/h3>\n

\u9ec3\u8072\u9060<\/a>\u672a\u5c07\u4e8b\u52d9\u6240\u8a2d\u5728\u53f0\u5317<\/a>\u5927\u90fd\u6703\uff0c\u800c\u9078\u64c7\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u88ab\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u5f8c\u5c71\u300d\u7684\u5b9c\u862d\u958b\u696d\uff0c\u5c07\u4e8b\u52d9\u6240\u8a2d\u5728\u4e00\u7247\u6c34\u7530\u4e2d\u592e\u3002 \u5341\u4e03\u3001\u516b\u5e74\u4f86\u4ed6\u5b8c\u6210\u4e0d\u5c11\u5efa\u7bc9\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u591a\u5728\u5b9c\u862d(\u76ee\u524d\u50c5\u6709\u4e00\u4ef6\u5728\u5b9c\u862d\u4e4b\u5916\u6b63\u8208\u5efa\u4e2d)\uff0c\u63a1\u53d6\u4e00\u7a2e\u5728\u53f0\u7063\u975e\u5e38\u5c11\u898b\u7684\u300c\u5b9a\u8457\u5f0f\u300d\u57f7\u696d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u6574\u500b\u5b9c\u862d\u6210\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u5718\u968a\u5de5\u4f5c\u5834\u57df<\/a>—\u5305\u62ec\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u65bd\u5de5\u3001\u898f\u756b\u3001\u4fc3\u6210\u65b0\u6848\u7b49\u3002 \u4ed6\u8207\u5718\u968a\u5e79\u90e8\u7d93\u5e38\u5954\u8d70\u5728\u5b9c\u862d\u5883\u5167\uff0c\u5728\u8eca\u7a0b1\u5c0f\u6642\u7bc4\u570d\u88e1\uff0c\u4f86\u56de\u8ac7\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u770b\u5de5\u5730\u3001\u767c\u6398\u5728\u5730\u554f\u984c\u3001\u7d66\u516c\u90e8\u9580\u65bd\u58d3\u3001\u53c3\u52a0\u898f\u5283\u6703\u8b70\u8207\u5404\u7a2e\u6e9d\u901a\u5834\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u628a\u904b\u4f5c\u7a7a\u9593\u6846\u9650\u5728\u5b9c\u862d\uff0c\u53cd\u800c\u64c1\u6709\u6700\u591a\u7684\u6642\u9593\u8655\u7406\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002 \u3002\u9019\u500b\u6848\u5b50\u505a\u5b8c\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5\uff0c\u4e0b\u968e\u6bb5\u7d93\u8cbb\u4e0b\u4e0d\u4f86\uff0c\u5c31\u66ab\u6642\u64f1\u8457\uff0c\u7b49\u9322\u4f86\u4e86\u518d\u7e7c\u7e8c\uff1b \u90a3\u500b\u6848\u5b50\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u3001\u9806\u4fbf\u4e5f\u5e6b\u5fd9\u6539\u5584\u9644\u8fd1\u793e\u5340\u74b0\u5883\u3001\u6216\u518d\u5f80\u5176\u4ed6\u666f\u9ede\u5ef6\u4f38\u4e32\u9023\uff1b \u4e00\u65e6\u767c\u73fe\u6216\u7372\u77e5\u67d0\u5730\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5c31\u5373\u6642\u8207\u516c\u90e8\u9580\u5404\u55ae\u4f4d\u5b98\u54e1\u8a0e\u8ad6\u56e0\u61c9\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u65b9\u6848\u2026\u6642\u9593\u6210\u70ba\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u670b\u53cb\uff0c\u800c\u975e\u6575\u4eba\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4f5c\u54c1\u7686\u6709\u5f88\u5145\u88d5\u7684\u6642\u9593\u4f86\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8b6c\u5982\uff0c\u5b9c\u862d\u5e02\u793e\u6703\u798f\u5229\u5927\u6a131995\u5e74\u958b\u59cb\u9032\u884c\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\u6b64\u6a13\u897f\u5317\u5074\u8fce\u5411\u5f9e\u5b9c\u862d\u6cb3\u5165\u57ce\u7684\u4eba\u8eca\u6d41\u52d5\uff0c\u6709\u8457\u932f\u843d\u7a81\u986f\u7684\u7d05\u78da\u91cf\u9ad4\uff0c\u8207\u5468\u908a\u793e\u5340\u7684\u6c11\u623f\u76f8\u642d\u8abf\u3002 \u9762\u5411\u4e3b\u8981\u8857\u9053\u914d\u7f6e\u6709\u6a4b<\/a>\u3001\u68af\u3001\u5eca\u3001\u6c60\u3001\u5ee3\u5834\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u8f15\u9b06\u591a\u6a23\u7684\u89aa\u5207\u548c\u9662\u683c\u5c40\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6771\u5317\u89d2\u843d\uff0c\u4e09\u6a13\u8868\u6f14\u5ef3\u537b\u4ee5\u647a\u66f2\u5927\u5c4b\u9802\u7834\u578b\u800c\u51fa\uff0c\u662f\u4e00\u5145\u6eff\u6232\u5287\u6027\u7684\u523b\u610f\u5b89\u6392\u7684\u300c\u610f\u5916\u300d\u7126\u9ede\u3002 \u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6027\u4ee5\u591a\u6a23\u300c\u6f14\u51fa\u300d\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5448\u73fe\uff0c\u5b83\u6240\u8868\u9054\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u662f\u4e00\u8907\u5408\u6027\u8868\u60c5—\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u8868\u6f14\u5f0f\u7684\u7d00\u5ff5\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9ec3\u8072\u9060<\/a>\u518d\u7e7c\u7e8c\u722d\u53d6\u5f80\u6cb3\u908a\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u6a4b<\/a>\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u6f2b\u8d70\u5728\u8857\u9053\u4e0a\u65b9\uff0c\u8d8a\u904e\u74b0\u6cb3\u9053\u8def\uff0c\u5728\u8eca\u9053\u4e0a\u65b9\u6296\u52d5\u51fa\u4e00\u75d9\u6523\u7684\u300c\u6a4b<\/a>\u4ead\u300d(\u6216\u7a31\u897f\u5824\u5c4b\u6a4b<\/a>\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u65bc2001\u5e74)—\u4e00\u5ea7\u6f02\u6d6e\u5728\u8eca\u9053\u4e0a\u7a7a\u7684\u5851\u6027\u88dd\u7f6e\uff0c\u7136\u5f8c\u518d\u88ab\u9328\u5b9a\u6210\u6cb3\u5824\u4e0a\u7684\u4e09\u6a13\u9ad8\u773a\u671b\u5854\u3002 \u5982\u6b64\u4e00\u4f86\uff0c\u85c9\u8457\u9019\u300c\u6a4b<\/a>-\u4ead-\u5854\u300d\u7684\u8513\u5ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u79fb\u52d5\u8207\u99d0\u7559\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u518d\u73fe\u4e86\u53e4\u65e9\u6642\u862d\u967d\u516b\u666f\u4e4b\u4e00\u7684\u300c\u897f\u5824\u665a\u773a\u300d\u60c5\u5883\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f80\u76f8\u53cd\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u9ec3\u8072\u9060<\/a>\u53c8\u627e\u5230\u539f\u6709\u5cb3\u98db\u5edf\u65c1\u7a7a\u5730\u518d\u516c\u5171\u5316\u7684\u767c\u5c55\u6a5f\u6703\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5728\u820a\u5b9c\u862d\u57ce\u7684\u57ce\u7246\u907a\u5740\u65c1\u4e00\u584a\u539f\u4f86\u6b0a\u5c6c\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u571f\u5730\uff0c1994\u5e74\u59d4\u8a17\u9ec3\u8072\u9060<\/a>\u8a2d\u8a08\u70ba\u300c\u694a\u58eb\u82b3\u7d00\u5ff5\u6797\u5712\u300d\uff0c\u5167\u90e8\u662f\u5169\u500b\u932f\u958b\u6392\u5217\u7684\u77e9\u5f62\u5ee3\u5834\uff0c\u5404\u70ba\u4e00\u786c(\u77f3\u6750)\u4e00\u8edf(\u8349\u576a)\u92ea\u9762\uff0c\u5916\u90e8\u5247\u662f\u53ef\u91cd\u73fe\u820a\u57ce\u7246\u8a18\u61b6\u7684\u6cbf\u8def\u5f27\u5f62\u5730\u666f\u3002 \u7136\u5f8c\u4ed6\u518d\u6e9d\u901a\u6240\u6709\u4f4d\u65bc\u9019\u6797\u5712\u5230\u793e\u798f\u5927\u6a13\u9593\u7684\u300c\u5149\u5927\u5df7\u300d\u5c45\u6c11\uff0c\u4fee\u6574\u4ed6\u5011\u5bb6\u5f8c\u7684\u51cc\u4e82\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u4e26\u8aaa\u670d\u9130\u63a5\u5df7\u9053\u7684\u53f0\u96fb\u516c\u53f8\u62c6\u9664\u9ad8\u7246\uff0c\u8b93\u9019\u516c\u53f8\u7da0\u5730\u655e\u958b\u6210\u4e00\u65b0\u5c3a\u5ea6\u4f86\u8207\u5c45\u6c11\u5206\u4eab\uff0c\u9019\u6642\u5df2\u662f2004\u5e74\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f9e\u793e\u798f\u5927\u6a13\u5230\u694a\u58eb\u82b3\u516c\u5712<\/a>\u3001\u53c8\u5f9e\u793e\u798f\u5927\u6a13\u62c9\u51fa\u6b65\u884c\u6a4b<\/a>\u5230\u5b9c\u862d\u6cb3\u908a\u773a\u671b\u5854\uff0c\u9ec3\u8072\u9060<\/a>\u66f4\u57282005-08\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u8de8\u8d8a\u5b9c\u862d\u6cb3\u7684\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u5927\u6a4b<\/a>\u5074\u908a\u8a2d\u8a08\u5efa\u9020\u4e00\u689d\u9644\u639b\u7684\u8f15\u4fbf\u4eba\u884c\u6a4b<\/a>(\u7a31\u70ba\u300c\u6d25\u6885\u68e7\u9053\u300d)\uff0c\u5c08\u4f9b\u884c\u4eba\u8207\u81ea\u884c\u8eca\u7a7f\u8d8a\u3002 \u9019\u662f\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u8513\u751f\u7684\u6d41\u52d5\u614b\u69cb\u6210\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u5730\u5f62\u5b78\u7684\u69cb\u7bc9\u8907\u5408(topographic-tectonic complex)\uff0c\u929c\u63a5\u8d77\u5b9c\u862d\u57ce\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8207\u81ea\u7136\u5411\u5ea6\uff0c\u5728\u5be6\u8cea\u751f\u6d3b\u9762\u4e0a\uff0c\u66f4\u8981\u628a\u88ab\u6c7d\u8eca\u8207\u901f\u5ea6\u51cc\u9072\u6389\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u788e\u7247\u518d\u62fc\u6e4a\u56de\u4f86\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u627e\u56de\u6b65\u884c\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u7bc0\u594f\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u9ec3\u8072\u9060<\/a>\u5718\u968a\u4ee5\u5982\u6b64\u7684\u5730\u4e0b\u8396\u6642\u9593\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u7901\u6eaa\u9109\u516c\u6240\u5efa\u7bc9\u7fa4(-2002)\u3001\u8056\u5609\u6c11\u6559\u990a\u9662(1996-2010\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u53c8\u518d\u53d7\u59d4\u8a17\u9032\u884c\u589e\u5efa\u8a2d\u8a08)\u3001\u7f85\u6771\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u5fc3(200 -2012)\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u6210\u70ba\u5404\u7a2e\u7684\u6642\u9593\u6a5f\u5668\uff0c\u4fdd\u6301\u4e0d\u65b7\u63a2\u7d22\u516c\u5171\u7a7a\u9593<\/a>\u65b0\u908a\u754c\u7684\u6b32\u671b\u3002 \u9019\u4e9b\u4f5c\u54c1\u7e3d\u50cf\u662f\u8655\u5728\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u7e3d\u662f\u4fdd\u6301\u518d\u6210\u9577\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u908a\u754c\u7e3d\u662f\u53ef\u88ab\u5ef6\u4f38\u64f4\u5c55\uff0c\u6642\u9593\u5883\u8c61\u7684\u65b0\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u4e5f\u7e3d\u662f\u4e0d\u65b7\u5347\u8d77\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u5011\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u4e0d\u898f\u5247\u6296\u52d5\u75d9\u6523\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u53ef\u88ab\u6b78\u70ba\u6fc0\u9032\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u66f4\u50cf\u662f\u8ce6\u4e88\u65b0\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u4ee5\u65b0\u80fd\u91cf\uff0c\u7db2\u7d50\u8d77\u5efa\u7bc9-\u57ce\u5e02-\u751f\u6d3b-\u5730\u666f-\u81ea\u7136\u7684\u6709\u6a5f\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e94\u3001\u8b1d\u82f1\u4fca\u7684\u7570\u5730\u5be6\u8e10 —\u6642\u9593\u532f\u6d41 (Time-pool)<\/h3>\n

1999\u5e74\u4e5d\u4e8c\u4e00\u5927\u5730\u9707\u5f8c\uff0c\u8b1d\u82f1\u4fca<\/a>\u5c31\u5e36\u8457\u4e00\u7a2e\u300c\u70cf\u6258\u90a6\u5f0f\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u300d(utopian realism)\u7cbe\u795e\u9032\u5165\u707d\u5340\uff0c\u5354\u52a9\u5c45\u6c11\u9032\u884c\u4f4f\u5b85\u91cd\u5efa\u3002 \u9996\u5148\u4ed6\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u6642\u9593(\u5728\u5730\u65b9\u653f\u5e9c\u9084\u641e\u4e0d\u6e05\u695a\u72c0\u6cc1\u4e0b)\u5c31\u5728\u65e5\u6708\u6f6d\u908a\u5b8c\u6210\u90b5\u65cf\u81e8\u6642\u5b89\u7f6e\u5340\uff0c\u4ee5\u8f15\u92fc\u67b6\u8207\u7af9\u5b50\u505a\u4e3b\u8981\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u7246\u9762\u5c31\u76f4\u63a5\u4ee5\u7af9\u5b50\u7de8\u6210\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u61c2\u5f97\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u65cf\u4eba\u898f\u5283\u5168\u65cf\u805a\u6703\u7684\u516c\u5171\u5927\u5c0f\u5ee3\u5834\u3001\u516c\u5171\u5eda\u623f\uff0c\u9084\u66ff\u6bcf\u9593\u5c4b\u5b50\u8a2d\u524d\u5eca\uff0c\u4fdd\u7559\u9019\u4e9b\u5c45\u6c11\u539f\u4f86\u751f\u6d3b\u578b\u614b\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u628a\u4e8b\u52d9\u6240\u642c\u5165\u707d\u5340\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u90b5\u65cf\u81e8\u6642\u5b89\u7f6e\u5340\u65c1\u908a\uff0c\u4e8b\u52d9\u6240\u4e5f\u7528\u540c\u6a23\u6750\u6599\u642d\u6210\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u6574\u500b\u707d\u5340\u91cd\u5efa\u5718\u968a\u5c31\u6b64\u878d\u5165\u5230\u707d\u5340\u88e1\u3002 \u5f8c\u4f86\u4ed6\u7684\u707d\u5340\u4e8b\u52d9\u6240\u8b8a\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5927\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u958b\u767c\u6574\u5957\u53ef\u4f9b\u539f\u5c45\u6c11\u81ea\u529b\u71df\u5efa\u7684\u69cb\u9020\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u8b93\u4e00\u822c\u5728\u5730\u5e74\u8f15\u4eba\u53ef\u4ee5\u7c21\u6613\u65b9\u5f0f\u642d\u5efa\u51fa\u5169\u5c64\u6a13\u623f\u5b50\uff0c\u4e26\u4fc3\u6210\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u707d\u5340\u6210\u7acb\u71df\u5efa\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\uff0c\u52d5\u54e1\u793e\u5340\u5c45\u6c11\u4e00\u8d77\u53c3\u8207\u91cd\u5efa\u6751\u4eba\u96c6\u9ad4\u5bb6\u5c4b\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5f8c\u4f86\u5728\u6cb3\u5357\u862d\u8003(2006)\u3001\u5b89\u5fbd\u5357\u5858(2007)\u5354\u52a9\u8fb2\u6751\u5408\u4f5c\u5efa\u623f\uff0c\u57282008\u5e74\u56db\u5ddd512\u5730\u9707\u5f8c\uff0c\u652f\u63f4\u504f\u9060\u7684\u9752\u5ddd\u3001\u6c76\u5ddd\u53ca\u8302\u7e23\u7b49\u5c71\u5340\u7684\u81ea\u529b\u91cd\u5efa\u5bb6\u5c4b\u5171\u7d04250\u9918\u6236\uff0c2009\u5e74\u53f0\u7063\u5357\u90e8\u767c\u751f\u516b\u516b\u6c34\u707d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5354\u52a9\u6578\u500b\u90e8\u843d\u9032\u884c\u5bb6\u5c4b\u91cd\u5efa\u8fd1\u5343\u6236\uff0c\u6700\u8fd1\u4e5f\u5230\u96f2\u5357\u53c3\u8207\u5730\u9707\u5f8c\u91cd\u5efa\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002 \u54ea\u88e1\u6709\u707d\u96e3\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u5f80\u54ea\u88e1\u8dd1\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5954\u8d74\u707d\u5340\u5354\u52a9\u91cd\u5efa\u7684\u300c\u6e38\u7267\u578b\u300d\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u504f\u9060\u8fb2\u6751\u6216\u539f\u4f4f\u6c11\u90e8\u843d\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u5c31\u6709\u300c\u63db\u5de5\u300d\u7684\u7fd2\u4fd7\uff0c\u6751\u6c11\u4e92\u76f8\u5354\u52a9\u5efa\u5c4b\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u6bcf\u6b21\u7684\u5efa\u5c4b\u6a5f\u6703\u4e2d\u511f\u9084\u4e0a\u6b21\u7a4d\u6b20\u7684\u5de5\u6216\u6599\u3002 \u8b1d\u82f1\u4fca<\/a>\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u904a\u8d70\u7570\u5730\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u5be6\u8e10\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u80cc\u5f8c\u662f\u4f4e\u6280\u8853\u9580\u6abb\u7684\u5c45\u6c11\u53c3\u8207\u71df\u5efa\u7ba1\u7406\uff0c\u91cd\u6eab\u50b3\u7d71\u300c\u63db\u5de5\u300d\u7fd2\u4fd7\uff0c\u63a1\u7528\u50b3\u7d71\u5de5\u6cd5\uff0c\u5982\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u7d44\u88dd\u5c4b\u67b6\uff0c\u518d\u96c6\u9ad4\u5408\u529b\u62c9\u8d77\u5c4b\u67b6\u7684\u7ec4\u7acb\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002 \u6280\u8853\u9580\u6abb\u6108\u4f4e\uff0c\u6108\u5bb9\u6613\u8b93\u66f4\u591a\u5c45\u6c11\u53c3\u8207\u65bd\u5de5\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u5f62\u6210\u4e00\u96c6\u9ad4\u7684\u300c\u6642\u9593\u532f\u6d41\u300d(time pool)\uff0c\u672c\u4f86\u5728\u5f88\u9577\u6642\u9593\u4e2d\u4e92\u52a9\u63db\u5de5\u7684\u96f6\u661f\u7684\u4ea4\u66ff\u5354\u529b\u9020\u5c4b\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u7d44\u7e54\u6210\u707d\u96e3\u5f8c\u5728\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u5167\u532f\u96c6\u773e\u4eba\u5de5\u4f5c\u6642\u9593\u7684\u81ea\u529b\u9020\u5c4b\u5408\u4f5c\u793e\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5168\u65b0\u7684\u96c6\u6751\u578b\u614b\u5982\u5347\u8d77\u7684\u65b0\u5730\u5e73\u7dda\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u707d\u5340\u65b0\u57fa\u5730\uff0c\u5916\u89c0\u4e0a\u662f\u4e00\u65b0\u7684\u4f4e\u6210\u672c\u4f4e\u6280\u8853\u7684\u6a21\u77e9\u5316\u7d44\u5408\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u56de\u61c9\u4e86\u6751\u6c11\u5c0d\u300c\u73fe\u4ee3\u300d\u5f62\u5f0f\u60f3\u50cf\u7684\u56ae\u5f80\uff0c\u4f46\u537b\u662f\u7d93\u7531\u5c45\u6c11\u719f\u6089\u7684\u71df\u5efa\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u4ee5\u96c6\u9ad4\u53c3\u8207\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u5404\u81ea\u7684\u5bb6\u5c4b\u3002 \u5982\u6b64\u9019\u822c\uff0c\u8b1d\u82f1\u4fca<\/a>\u5e36\u8457\u4ed6\u7684\u904a\u7267\u5718\u968a\u5230\u5404\u707d\u5340\u73fe\u5834\uff0c\u4ee5\u6a21\u77e9\u5316\u8a2d\u8a08\u8207\u7c21\u6613\u71df\u5efa\u7cfb\u7d71\uff0c\u4f7f\u773e\u4eba\u529b\u773e\u6642\u9593\u532f\u96c6\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u5b8c\u6210\u516c\u90e8\u9580\u96e3\u4ee5\u4f01\u53ca\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u6027\u8207\u6642\u6548\u6027\uff0c\u537b\u540c\u6642\u7d93\u7531\u52d5\u54e1\u53c3\u8207\u800c\u4fdd\u6709\u8b93\u5c45\u6c11\u8a8d\u540c\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\u4ee5\u53ca\u904e\u7a0b\u610f\u7fa9\u3002<\/p>\n

\u516d\u3001\u53cd\u82bb\u5be6\u8e10—\u6642\u9593\u8f49\u5316 (time transforming)<\/h3>\n

\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u4e26\u975e\u4e00\u8e74\u800c\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7d93\u6b77\u4e00\u5927\u6bb5\u6478\u8457\u77f3\u982d\u904e\u6cb3\u7684\u300c\u904e\u7a0b\u300d\uff0c\u7531\u4e0a\u800c\u4e0b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u653f\u5e9c\u53ca\u7cbe\u82f1\u968e\u5c64\u5728\u610f\u7684\u662f\u8981\u8fce\u982d\u8d95\u4e0a\u5148\u9032\u570b\u5bb6\u6c34\u6e96\uff0c\u91cd\u8996\u300c\u8996\u89ba\u6027\u300d\u7684\u7f8e\u611f\u7d93\u9a57\uff1b \u4f46\u7531\u4e0b\u800c\u4e0a\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6c11\u773e\u770b\u91cd\u7684\u662f\u5f88\u5be6\u969b\u7684\u300c\u8212\u9069\u5ea6\u300d\u7684\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u662f\u5f9e\u300c\u4fbf\u5229\u300d\u8457\u773c\u7684\u6539\u5584\u904e\u7a0b—\u5c0d\u8001\u767e\u59d3\u6216\u4e2d\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u300c\u4fbf\u5229\u300d\u662f\u300c\u8212\u9069\u300d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6307\u6a19\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u986f\u73fe\u81ea\u79c1\u7121\u516c\u5fb7\u5fc3\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u653e\u4efb\u4f5c\u70ba\u3002 \u53f0\u7063\u57ce\u5e02\u57281960-80\u5e74\u4ee3\u9593\u9055\u7ae0\u5efa\u7bc9\u6c3e\u6feb\uff0c\u5e02\u5bb9\u6158\u4e0d\u5fcd\u7779\uff0c\u9020\u5c31\u51fa\u5168\u4e16\u754c\u6700\u919c\u964b\u7684\u57ce\u5e02\u666f\u89c0\u3002<\/p>\n

\u9019\u7a2e\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u90e8\u9580\u5f62\u6210\u7684\u7d93\u6fdf\u793e\u6703\u8207\u8af8\u7a2e\u57ce\u9109\u74b0\u5883\u73fe\u8c61\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u570b\u5bb6\u6216\u6240\u8b02\u7b2c\u4e09\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u7279\u5fb5\u3002 \u6f22\u5bf6\u5fb7<\/a>\u5148\u751f\u65bc\u4e09\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u66fe\u7d93\u6168\u5606\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e82\u8c61\uff1a\u300c\u6211\u5011\u5c1a\u672a\u5b8c\u6210\u5f62\u5f0f\u8f49\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u7adf\u63d0\u524d\u9762\u81e8\u4fd7\u5316\u7684\u5371\u6a5f\u2026\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u7684\u5feb\u901f\u6210\u9577\u53ca\u897f\u5316\u58d3\u529b\u4e0d\u5bb9\u8a31\u6211\u5011\u5b55\u751f\u4e00\u7a2e\u672c\u5730\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5bb9\u8a31\u6211\u5011\u6d88\u5316\u897f\u65b9\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u2026\u300d\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u7121\u8ad6\u5982\u4f55\uff0c\u9019\u5c31\u662f\u53f0\u7063\u8d70\u904e\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\uff0c\u4e0b\u4e00\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u53f0\u7063\u74b0\u5883\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5168\u62b9\u6389\u9019\u6bb5\u300c\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u300d\u7d93\u9a57\u3001\u800c\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u53f0\u7063\u901f\u6210\u5730\u8b8a\u6210\u5927\u5bb6\u56ae\u5f80\u7684\u6b50\u7f8e\u65e5\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u7248\u672c\u3002 \u76f4\u63a5\u300c\u79fb\u690d\u300d\u5148\u9032\u570b\u5bb6\u7684\u6210\u679c\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u4e0d\u53ef\u53d6\u7684\uff1b\u53cd\u800c\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u5f9e\u300c\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u300d\u904e\u6e21\u5230\u300c\u5df2\u767c\u5c55\u300d\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u6210\u662f\u4e00\u9805\u7279\u6709\u7684\u8cc7\u7522\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6bdb\u87f2\u5f88\u919c\uff0c\u4f46\u80fd\u86fb\u5316\u70ba\u7f8e\u9e97\u7684\u8774\u8776\uff0c\u5c0d\u300c\u6bdb\u87f2-\u8774\u8776\u300d\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u751f\u547d\u904e\u7a0b\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u7f8e\u919c\u4e0d\u4e8c\uff0c\u662f\u540c\u4e00\u751f\u547d\u7684\u5169\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u968e\u6bb5\u3002 \u8774\u8776\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u5f9e\u81ea\u5df1\u7576\u6bdb\u87f2\u7684\u6642\u9593\u4e2d\u5316\u751f\u800c\u4f86\u3002 \u53f0\u7063\u7576\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u9010\u6f38\u80fd\u6df1\u5165\u5230\u65e5\u5e38\u751f\u6d3b\u74b0\u5883\u53bb\u6c72\u53d6\u5efa\u7bc9\u8868\u73fe\u7684\u990a\u5206\uff0c\u4e26\u601d\u8003\u69cb\u7bc9\u6027(tectonic)\u51fa\u8def\uff0c\u90b1\u6587\u5091<\/a>\u8207\u5ed6\u5049\u7acb<\/a>\u7684\u6700\u8fd1\u4f5c\u54c1\u6216\u53ef\u7a0d\u898b\u4e00\u6591\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90b1\u6587\u5091\u7684\u6843\u7c73\u7d19\u6559\u5802<\/h4>\n

\u90b1\u6587\u5091<\/a>\u66fe\u5c0d\u53f0\u7063\u57ce\u9109\u5e38\u898b\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u74b0\u5883\u73fe\u8c61\u611f\u8208\u8da3\uff0c\u5982\u7530\u88e1\u9632\u87f2\u9ed1\u7db2\u3001\u5c4b\u9802\u9d3f\u820d\u3001\u8857\u982d\u62db\u724c\u3001\u5c4b\u9802\u9055\u5efa\u3001\u65bd\u5de5\u9df9\u67b6\u6216\u591c\u5e02\u666f\u89c0\u7b49\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5176\u5be6\u662f\u5c6c\u65bc\u4e3b\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u5916\u9644\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u4e14\u81ea\u6709\u4e00\u5957\u5167\u5728\u69cb\u9020\u908f\u8f2f\uff0c\u53ef\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u9644\u52a0-\u884d\u751f\u6027\u5143\u7d20 (Additive\/generative elements)\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u5b83\u5011\u662f\u5916\u52a0\u65bc\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u6027\u5143\u7d20(\u6216\u76ae\u5c64\u6027\u5143\u7d20)\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u7c60\u7d71\u5730\u8aaa\u53ef\u6b78\u7d0d\u6210\u6240\u8b02\u6b63\u5f0f\u90e8\u9580\u4e4b\u5916\u3001\u6240\u884d\u751f\u7684\u300c\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u90e8\u9580\u300d\u7bc4\u7587\u3002 \u9019\u7a2e\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u69cb\u7bc9\u6b63\u662f\u300c\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u300d\u5730\u5340\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u7279\u5fb5\uff0c\u90b1\u6587\u5091<\/a>\u4f01\u5716\u53bb\u8655\u7406\u9019\u7a2e\u9644\u52a0\u6027\u9055\u5efa\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u8f49\u5316\uff0c\u4ee5\u4ed6\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u529f\u529b\u4f86\u52a0\u6301\u9019\u4e9b\u300c\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u300d\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u65b0\u7684\u69cb\u7bc9\u6027\u8868\u73fe\u529b\u3002 <\/p>\n

\u6843\u7c73\u7d19\u6559\u5802<\/a>\u5373\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u9019\u6a23\u89d2\u5ea6\u4f86\u63a2\u8a0e\uff0c\u5728\u57fa\u5730\u914d\u7f6e\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c07\u4e3b\u4f4d\u8b93\u7d66\u5343\u91cc\u8fe2\u8fe2\u9077\u4f86\u7684\u5742\u8302<\/a>\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u7d19\u6559\u5802<\/a>\uff0c\u4ee5C\u578b\u92fc\u8f15\u92fc\u69cb<\/a>\u642d\u9020\u5750\u843d\u65bc\u5074\u908a\u7684\u4f11\u61a9\u68da\u5b50\uff0c\u5c0d\u6bd4\u65bc\u5742\u8302<\/a>\u5c07\u8584\u7d19\u4f5c\u786c\u4f5c\u5713\u4ee5\u539f\u8272(\u5361\u5176\u9ec3)\u5448\u73fe\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u68da\u5b50\u5c07\u786c\u92fc\u4f5c\u8edf\u4f5c\u65b9\u4ee5\u7da0\u8272\u5448\u73fe\u3002 \u4e0d\u50c5\u662f\u548c\u97fb\u8207\u5143\u5531\u5169\u76f8\u5ab2\u7f8e\u3001\u96e3\u5206\u8ed2\u8f0a\uff0c\u66f4\u56e0\u6b64\u5275\u9020\u51fa\u55ae\u55ae\u7d19\u6559\u5802<\/a>\u6240\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u71df\u9020\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u958b\u95ca\u8fce\u4eba\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u6027\u8207\u5c64\u6b21\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u65bc\u662f\uff0c\u90b1\u6587\u5091<\/a>\u5728\u5169\u500b\u5c64\u9762\u4e0a\u8207\u6642\u9593\u5171\u821e\uff1a \u4e00\u662f\u4ee5\u820a\u6750\u6599\u65b0\u69cb\u6cd5\u7684\u5275\u610f\u8868\u73fe\u53bb\u6d88\u5316\u90a3\u88ab\u7528\u5230\u6feb\u7684\u300c\u9055\u5efa\u300d\u7d20\u6750\uff0c\u5c07\u4e4b\u6276\u6b63\u5230\u300c\u5df2\u767c\u5c55\u300d\u968e\u6bb5\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u6642\u9593\u88e1\u4f86\uff1b \u53e6\u4e00\u662f\u8207\u5742\u8302<\/a>\u7d19\u7ba1\u7d20\u6750\u8207\u6a62\u5713\u5f62\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u5b87\u5b99\u57fa\u578b\u7684\u61c9\u548c—\u4ee5C\u578b\u92fc\u758a\u710a\u53c8\u5373\u8208\u7684\u59ff\u614b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5ed6\u5049\u7acb\u7684\u6551\u6069\u5802<\/h4>\n

\u5ed6\u5049\u7acb<\/a>\u66fe\u5f37\u8abf\u53f0\u7063\u7684\u908a\u7de3\u6027\u6587\u5316\u6d3b\u529b\uff0c\u4e26\u4ee5\u300c\u96dc\u6728\u6797\u300d\u4f86\u96b1\u55bb\u9019\u7a2e\u4e0d\u99b4\u91ce\u6027\u3002 \u4ed6\u7684\u8fd1\u4f5c\u6551\u6069\u5802\u4ee5\u5169\u5ea7\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u91cf\u9ad4\u69cb\u6210\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u4f5c\u6a13\u5c64\u5206\u5272\u7dda\uff0c\u7279\u610f\u5448\u73fe\u6574\u68df\u5efa\u7bc9\u662f\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u584a\u9ad4\uff0c\u5982\u4e00\u9ad8\u4e00\u77ee\u5169\u5927\u6574\u584a\u6c89\u7a69\u7684\u78d0\u77f3\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u90e8\u5206\u751a\u81f3\u523b\u610f\u4fdd\u7559\u6ce5\u77f3\u6f3f\u9ecf\u6eef\u5730\u6d41\u52d5\u7684\u75d5\u8de1\u3002 \u4ed6\u4ee5\u73bb\u7483\u76ae\u5c64\u5206\u5272\u51fa\u4e09\u6a13\u9ad8\u7684\u9580\u5ef3\u8207\u56db\u6a13\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u5149\u4e95\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5169\u5927\u91cf\u584a\u9593\u7684\u6a4b<\/a>\u9053\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u9ebc\u591a\u7684\u5167\u5916\u7a7a\u9593\u5c64\u7d1a\u7684\u591a\u6a23\u5316\u7a7f\u63d2\u4e2d\uff0c\u6e05\u6c34\u6df7\u51dd\u571f<\/a>\u7246\u9ad4\u6210\u70ba\u6574\u5408\u6240\u6709\u8b8a\u5316\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u7d71\u4e00\u5143\u7d20\u3002 <\/p>\n

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\u904e\u53bb\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u53f0\u7063\u6709\u4e00\u7fa4\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u9078\u64c7\u7ad9\u5230\u5730\u65b9\/\u908a\u9672\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u7372\u5f97\u4e0d\u4e00\u6a23\u7684\u8996\u89d2\u8207\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u95dc\u6ce8\u5730\u65b9\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5728\u5730\u751f\u6d3b\u7d0b\u7406\u8207\u771f\u5be6\u5e95\u860a\uff0c\u5f9e\u800c\u4ee5\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u5be6\u8e10\u53c3\u8207\u4e86\u5728\u5730\u6642\u9593\u7684\u300c\u751f\u6210\u300d\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4e5f\u7a0d\u7a0d\u7a4d\u84c4\u8d77\u53ef\u6297\u8861\u5168\u7403\u5316\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6d6a\u6f6e\u7684\u7a2e\u5b50\u529b\u91cf\uff0c\u9019\u6216\u8a31\u61c9\u662f\u73fe\u968e\u6bb5\u53f0\u7063\u671d\u5411\u8b8a\u52d5\u4e16\u754c\u800c\u8981\u4fdd\u6301\u958b\u653e\u7684\u4e00\u7a2e\u81ea\u4fe1\u5427! <\/p>\n

\u53c3\u8003\u66f8\u76ee
\nAbbott, Andrew. Time Matters: On Theory and Method. Chicago<\/a>: The University of
\nChivcago Press, 2001. pp. 209-298.
\nMead, George Herbert. The Philosophy of the Present. 1932. \u73fe\u5728\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u674e\u731b\u8b6f\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77<\/a>\uff1a\u4eba\u6c11\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2003\u3002
\n\u7f85\u6642\u744b<\/a>\uff0c\u3008\u7576\u5efa\u7bc9\u89e3\u653e\u4e86\u6642\u9593\uff01\u8056\u5609\u6c11\u6559\u990a\u9662\u5340\u7684\u751f\u6210\u904e\u7a0b\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u53f0\u7063\u5efa\u7bc9\u5831\u5c0e\u300b\uff0c2010\/3, no. 174: 98-102.
\n\u7f85\u6642\u744b<\/a>\uff0c\u300a\u64fe\u52d5\u908a\u754c\uff1a\u4ee5\u5fb7\u52d2\u8332\u3001\u5df4\u5cb1\u8036\u7684\u89c0\u9ede\u63a2\u8a0e\u9ec3\u8072\u9060<\/a>\u3001\u90b1\u6587\u5091<\/a>(\u5927\u6db5)\u8207\u5442\u7406\u714c(\u7e41\u6b96\u5834)\u7684\u5728\u5730\u5efa\u69cb\u300b\uff0c\u53f0\u4e2d<\/a>\uff1a\u6771\u6d77\u5927\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff0c2006\u3002
\n\u6f22\u5bf6\u5fb7<\/a>\uff0c\u3008\u5efa\u7bc9\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u8f49\u5316\u8207\u4fd7\u5316\u3009\uff0c\u300a\u90fd\u5e02\u7684\u5e7b\u5f71\u300b\uff0c\u53f0\u5317<\/a>\uff1a\u7d93\u6fdf\u8207\u751f\u6d3b\uff0c1983: 7-14\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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