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20\u4e16\u7d00\u521d\u671f\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u5efa\u8a2d\u7684\u6469\u5929\u5927\u6a13<\/a>\u7d50\u69cb\u7d66\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u4ee5\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u555f\u767c\uff0c\u4ed6\u770b\u5230\u9019\u7a2e\u7d50\u69cb\u5f62\u5f0f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5efa\u7bc9\u85dd\u8853\u4e0a\u5e36\u6709\u65b0\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\uff0c\u65bc\u662f\u4ed6\u57281921\u5e74\u8a2d\u60f3\u5728\u67cf\u6797\u8153\u7279\u70c8\u5927\u8857\u5efa\u9020\u4e00\u5ea7\u73bb\u7483\u6469\u5929\u5927\u6a13<\/a>\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u5927\u81bd\u7684\u63d0\u6848\uff0c\u6574\u5ea7\u5efa\u7bc9\u5916\u76ae\u5168\u90e8\u5305\u4ee5\u73bb\u7483\uff0c\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u50b3\u7d71\u5be6\u7246\u7684\u75d5\u8de1\uff0c\u5730\u9762\u5c64\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u652f\u67f1\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u4e0a\u90e8\u7684\u73bb\u7483\u5927\u6a13\u5168\u90e8\u843d\u5728\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u4e0a\u9762\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u76ae\u5305\u9aa8\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u7684\u5167\u90e8\u662f\u505a\u6210\u8a31\u591a\u8611\u83c7\u5f62\u7684\u92fc\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u677f\u88ab\u652f\u627f\u5728\u4e00\u6839\u6839\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u652f\u67f1\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u6a13\u677f\u90fd\u662f\u7531\u4e2d\u5fc3\u652f\u67f1\u5411\u5916\u61f8\u81c2\u6311\u51fa\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7d50\u69cb\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u627f\u91cd\u5916\u7246\u662f\u5408\u4e4e\u908f\u8f2f\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u5728\u9019\u584a\u4e09\u89d2\u5f62\u7684\u5730\u6bb5\u4e0a\uff0c\u70ba\u4e86\u4f7f\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e73\u9762\u8207\u57fa\u5730\u76f8\u9069\u61c9\uff0c\u628a\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u7684\u5916\u5f62\u4e5f\u505a\u6210\u662f\u8a31\u591a\u4e09\u7a1c\u67f1\u9ad4\u7684\u7d44\u5408\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u8f2a\u5ed3\u8b8a\u5316\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5fb7\u570b<\/a>\u8868\u73fe\u6d3e\u7684\u5f71\u97ff\u3002<\/p>\n

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1928\u5e74\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u66fe\u70ba\u67cf\u6797\u8a2d\u8a08\u904e\u4e00\u5e62\u5546\u696d\u5efa\u7bc9\u300c\u4e9e\u7576\u5927\u5ec8\u300d\uff0c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u63d0\u6848\u4e2d\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u662f\u73bb\u7483\u5916\u7246\u8207\u92fc\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u3002\u7531\u65bc\u5404\u5c64\u6a13\u677f\u90fd\u61f8\u6311\u5230\u73bb\u7483\u7246\u9762\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u4e00\u689d\u689d\u5e36\u5f62\u73bb\u7483\u7246\u9762\u7684\u6548\u679c\u3002\u5b83\u8207\u5730\u9762\u5c64\u4e00\u6392\u5805\u5be6\u7684\u652f\u67f1\u4ee5\u53ca\u9000\u9032\u7684\u6ae5\u7a97\u5f62\u6210\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u5c0d\u6bd4\u3002<\/p>\n

1951\u5e74\u5728\u829d\u52a0\u54e5<\/a>\u5efa\u9020\u7684\u4e8c\u5ea7\u6e56\u6ff1\u516c\u5bd3\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u662f\u4ee5\u92fc\u548c\u73bb\u7483\u76f8\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u7522\u7269\u3002\u4f46\u662f\u5728\u9019\u91cc\u537b\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u7a2e\u624b\u6cd5\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u8207\u73bb\u7483\u6469\u5929\u5927\u6a13<\/a>\u4e0d\u540c\u4e4b\u8655\uff0c\u5728\u65bc\u5f37\u8abf\u4e86\u5927\u6a13\u5916\u90e8\u7684\u5782\u76f4\u92fc\u67b6\uff0c\u597d\u50cf\u662f\u628a\u4e00\u5ea7\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u92fc\u9435\u6846\u67b6\u76d2\u5b50\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u6839\u6839\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u96de\u817f\u67f1\u4e0a\u3002\u5728\u5782\u76f4\u5916\u9732\u7684\u92fc\u67f1\u4e4b\u9593\u6709\u8f03\u7d30\u7684\u5782\u76f4\u7a97\u6b1e\uff0c\u5f8c\u9762\u6709\u4e00\u689d\u689d\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u92fc\u6881\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\u6a13\u5c64\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e5f\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u7acb\u9762\u7684\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u5b83\u8207\u829d\u52a0\u54e5<\/a>\u5b78\u6d3e\u7684\u50b3\u7d71\u624b\u6cd5\u300c\u829d\u52a0\u54e5<\/a>\u7a97\u300d\u9817\u6709\u7570\u66f2\u540c\u5de5\u4e4b\u5999\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u64c5\u9577\u92fc\u69cb<\/a>\u8207\u73bb\u7483\u76f8\u7d50\u5408\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u5f8c\u4f86\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u61c9\u7528\u65bc\u4f4f\u5b85\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\uff0c 1950\u5e74\u5728\u829d\u52a0\u54e5<\/a>\u9644\u8fd1\u666e\u862d\u8afe\u5730\u65b9\u5efa\u9020\u7684\u7bc4\u65af\u6c83\u65af\u4f4f\u5b85\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4f8b\u3002\u4ed6\u628a\u9019\u5ea7\u4f4f\u5b85\u8a2d\u8a08\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u73bb\u7483\u76d2\u5b50\u67b6\u7a7a\u5728\u516b\u6839\u92fc\u67f1\u4e0a\uff0c\u7c21\u6f54\u900f\u660e\u7684\u9ad4\u5f62\u5df2\u9054\u5230\u7210\u706b\u7d14\u9752\u7684\u5730\u6b65\uff0c\u9019\u548c\u4ed6\u65e9\u671f\u6240\u4f5c\u7684\u78da\u7d50\u69cb\u9109\u6751\u5225\u5885\u63d0\u6848\u7684\u69cb\u601d\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5b83\u5011\u537b\u6709\u8457\u4e00\u7a2e\u5171\u540c\u7684\u5167\u5728\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u662f\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u8a69\u610f\uff0c\u548c\u5c0d\u6642\u4ee3\u8207\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u4e0d\u50c5\u5c0d\u78da\u8207\u92fc\u7d50\u69cb<\/a>\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u6709\u7a81\u51fa\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c0d\u92fc\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e5f\u6709\u8f03\u6df1\u7684\u9020\u8a63\uff0c\u9019\u662f\u5e38\u88ab\u4eba\u5011\u5ffd\u7565\u7684\u3002 1922\u5e74\u4ed6\u66fe\u4f5c\u904e\u4e00\u5ea7\u92fc\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u8fa6\u516c\u5927\u6a13\u7684\u63d0\u6848\uff0c\u6bcf\u5c64\u6a13\u677f\u90fd\u5f9e\u67f1\u5b50\u4e0a\u5411\u5916\u6311\u51fa\uff0c\u6a13\u677f\u7684\u76e1\u7aef\u5411\u4e0a\u7ffb\u8d77\u5f62\u6210\u77ee\u7246\uff0c\u77ee\u7246\u91cc\u9762\u662f\u9577\u689d\u7684\u6ae5\u6ac3\uff0c\u4e00\u689d\u689d\u7684\u5e36\u5f62\u7a97\u843d\u5728\u6ae5\u6ac3\u5167\u5074\u7684\u908a\u6846\u4e0a\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u51f9\u9032\u5f88\u6df1\u7684\u9670\u5f71\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5f37\u70c8\u7684\u96d5\u5851\u6548\u679c\u3002\u4e0d\u904e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u9019\u7a2e\u624b\u6cd5\u6c92\u6709\u5728\u5be6\u969b\u4f5c\u54c1\u4e2d\u63a8\u5ee3\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u52d2\u2022\u67ef\u6bd4\u610f<\/a>\u5247\u662f\u572820\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u5e36\u5f62\u7a97\u548c\u96de\u817f\u67f1\u800c\u805e\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u92fc\u69cb\u9020\u7684\u65b0\u8a9e\u5f59<\/h3>\n

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\u65b0\u7a7a\u9593\u6982\u5ff5<\/h3>\n

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50\u5e74\u4ee3\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff0c\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u53c8\u767c\u5c55\u4e86\u300c\u901a\u7528\u7a7a\u9593\u300d\u6216\u300c\u4e00\u7d71\u7a7a\u9593\u300d\u7684\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u4ed6\u8207\u6c99\u5229\u6587\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u4e3b\u7fa9\u89c0\u9ede\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e0d\u8b8a\uff0c\u6a5f\u80fd\u53ef\u8b8a\u3002\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u8aaa\ufe30\u300c\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u670d\u52d9\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u7d93\u5e38\u6703\u6539\u8b8a\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u6211\u5011\u4e26\u4e0d\u80fd\u53bb\u628a\u5efa\u7bc9\u7269\u62c6\u6389\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u8981\u628a\u6c99\u5229\u6587\u7684\u53e3\u865f\u2018\u5f62\u5f0f\u670d\u5f9e\u6a5f\u80fd\u2019\u5012\u8f49\u904e\u4f86\uff0c\u53bb\u5efa\u9020\u4e00\u500b\u5be6\u7528\u548c\u7d93\u6fdf\u7684\u7a7a\u9593\uff0c\u4ee5\u9069\u61c9\u5404\u7a2e\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u9700\u8981\u3002\u300d\u5728\u9019\u7a2e\u601d\u60f3\u6307\u5c0e\u4e0b\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u9069\u61c9\u591a\u7a2e\u6a5f\u80fd\u7684\u5927\u7a7a\u9593\u5df2\u6210\u70ba\u4e00\u7a2e\u98a8\u5c1a\u3002\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u57281956\u5e74\u5efa\u9020\u7684\u4f0a\u5229\u8afe\u7406\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u514b\u6717\u6a13\u82071962-1968\u5e74\u5efa\u9020\u7684\u897f\u67cf\u6797\u65b0\u570b\u5bb6\u7f8e\u8853\u9928<\/a>\u90fd\u662f\u9019\u7a2e\u901a\u7528\u7a7a\u9593\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u5448\u73fe\u3002\u901a\u7528\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u65b0\u6982\u5ff5\u73fe\u5728\u5df2\u6210\u70ba20\u4e16\u7d00\u5f8c\u671f\u5728\u5efa\u7bc9\u754c\u5f71\u97ff\u6700\u5927\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u601d\u60f3\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5b83\u540c\u6642\u4ee3\u8868\u8457\u73fe\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e2d\u8d77\u4e3b\u8981\u6c7a\u5b9a\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u6a5f\u80fd\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u7d42\u7d50\u3002<\/p>\n

<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n
\n
\"\u829d\u52a0\u54e5IIT\u514b\u6717\u6a13S.R.
\u829d\u52a0\u54e5<\/a>IIT\u514b\u6717\u6a13S.R. Crown Hall\u6a21\u578b\u8207Mies van der Rohe\u5bc6\u65af<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>
\n<\/figure>\n

\u6771\u897f\u65b9\u7684\u6703\u5408\uff1a\u81ea\u7701\u4e4b\u8def<\/h3>\n

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\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u2022\u51e1\u5fb7\u7f85\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u5b78\u8aaa\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u80cc\u666f\u662f\u6b50\u6d32\u53e4\u5178\u4e3b\u7fa9\uff0c\u5927\u9ad4\u4e0a\u662f\u5361\u723e\u2027\u5f17\u96f7\u5fb7\u91cc\u5e0c\u2027\u8f9b\u514b\u723e\uff08Karl Friedrich Schinkel\uff0c\u5fb7\u570b<\/a>\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\uff09\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3002\u7684\u78ba\uff0c20\u4e16\u7d0020\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u5728\u8f9b\u514b\u723e\u7684\u67cf\u6797\u5de5\u4f5c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u4e00\u6279\u8ffd\u96a8\u8005\u548c\u6548\u4eff\u8005\u2014\u2014\u5176\u4e2d\u7279\u5225\u61c9\u8a72\u63d0\u5230\u5f7c\u5f97\u2027\u8c9d\u502b\u65af\uff08Peter Behrens\uff0c\u5fb7\u570b<\/a>\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\uff09\u548c\u8c9d\u723e\u62c9\u683c\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u5c0d\u8377\u862d<\/a>\u85dd\u8853\u5bb6\u51e1\u2027\u675c\u65af\u5821\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u4ee5\u53ca\u8377\u862d<\/a>\u98a8\u683c\u6d3e\u4f5c\u54c1\u7684\u63a5\u89f8\u4e5f\u540c\u6a23\u4e0d\u5bb9\u5ffd\u8996\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u4ee51927\u20141928\u5e74\u9593\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u5728\u66f8\u5f97\u6a19\u8a18\u7684\u5927\u91cf\u91cd\u9ede\u3001\u6279\u6ce8\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b46\u8a18\u6458\u6284\u70ba\u8b49\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5b8c\u5168\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u7528\u9019\u4e9b\u66f8\u4e2d\u860a\u6db5\u7684\u54f2\u5b78\u89c0\u5ff5\u7de8\u8f2f\u51fa\u4e00\u7bc7\u95dc\u65bc\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u300c\u54f2\u5b78\u7d9c\u8ff0\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

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\u5728\u6771\u65b9\uff0c\u6c89\u601d\u4e00\u76f4\u90fd\u662f\u751f\u7269\u529b\uff08life\u2014forming energy\uff09\u3002\u6c89\u601d\u5c31\u662f\u8981\u8cbc\u8fd1\u5167\u5728\u4e4b\u4e2d\u4eba\u985e\u6f5b\u80fd\u548c\u5c40\u9650\u7684\u539f\u9ede\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\uff0c\u4eba\u985e\u610f\u5716\u7684\u672c\u8cea\u624d\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u70ba\u4eba\u6240\u898b\u4e26\u5f97\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u3002\u5728\u4eba\u985e\u5c0b\u6c42\u5167\u5728\u539f\u9ede\u7684\u52aa\u529b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8eab\u9ad4\u548c\u7cbe\u795e\u7372\u5f97\u4e86\u7d71\u4e00\u3002\u9019\u500b\u6c89\u9ed8\u7684\u4fee\u884c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8b93\u4eba\u8b8a\u5f97\u81ea\u5f8b\u548c\u8cea\u6a38\u3002\u5f9e\u9019\u9ede\u4f86\u770b\uff0c\u6771\u65b9\u667a\u6167\u7684\u51fa\u767c\u9ede\u662f\uff0c\u628a\u8af8\u5982\u6b64\u985e\u7684\u9ad4\u9a57\u653e\u5230\u4eba\u8207\u7a7a\u9593\u3001\u5efa\u7bc9\u8207\u751f\u6d3b\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e4b\u4e2d\u2014\u2014\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u653e\u5230\u5efa\u7bc9\u8207\u7d50\u69cb\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u5bc6\u65af<\/a>\u2022\u51e1\u5fb7\u7f85\u7528\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u5728\u89c0\u5ff5\u548c\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e2d\u5efa\u7acb\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u539f\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n

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