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<\/p>\n

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\u7ae5\u660e\u662f1968\u5e74\u751f\u4eba\uff0c\u300c\u90a3\u4e4b\u5f8c\u5e7e\u5e74\uff0c\u6b63\u662f\u300e\u6587\u9769\u300f\u5f8c\u723a\u723a\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c08\u6ce8\u5b78\u8853\u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u5bf6\u8cb4\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u4ed6\u975e\u5e38\u5fd9\u3002\u300d\u7236\u6bcd\u90fd\u662f\u5927\u5b78\u8001\u5e2b\uff0c\u4e5f\u90fd\u5f88\u5fd9\uff0c\u54e5\u54e5\u7ae5\u6587\u5927\u4ed6\u516d\u6b72\uff0c\u5728\u5b78\u6821<\/a>\u5538\u66f8\u3002\u5bb6\u88e1\u5e38\u5e38\u53ea\u6709\u4ed6\u548c\u723a\u723a\u7ae5\u5bef\uff0c\u300c\u4ed6\u5e7e\u4e4e\u4e0d\u5927\u8aaa\u8a71\uff0c\u5c31\u5728\u66f8\u684c\u524d\u5fd9\u4ed6\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\u3002\u300d\u7236\u6bcd\u4e5f\u53ee\u56d1\u4ed6\uff0c\u7d55\u4e0d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6253\u64fe\u723a\u723a\u3002<\/p>\n

\u90a3\u6642\u4ed6\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u723a\u723a\u662f\u505a\u4ec0\u9ebc\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ed6\u8001\u4eba\u5bb6\u5728\u5fd9\u4ec0\u9ebc\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u8b80\u723a\u723a\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u770b\u723a\u723a\u7684\u624b\u7a3f\uff0c\u518d\u56de\u60f3\u7956\u5b6b\u5006\u5728\u9577\u4e45\u975c\u9ed8\u4e2d\u5ea6\u904e\u7684\u5149\u9670\uff0c\u7ae5\u5e74\u7684\u56de\u61b6\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u90e8\u9ed1\u767d\u9ed8\u7247\uff0c\u300c\u7684\u78ba\u662f\u6709\u9ede\u5bc2\u5bde\u7684\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u5bb6\u7684\u623f\u5b50\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7368\u9580\u7368\u9662\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u53bb\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u9662\u5b50\u88e1\u73a9\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5bb6\u7684\u9019\u500b\u623f\u5b50\u5c31\u662f\u723a\u723a\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300c\u5bb6\u88e1\u5076\u723e\u4f86\u5ba2\u4eba\u62dc\u8a2a\u723a\u723a\uff0c\u5c0d\u4ed6\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u90fd\u662f\u5341\u5206\u666f\u4ef0\u3001\u7562\u606d\u7562\u656c\u7684\uff0c\u9019\u66f4\u52a0\u91cd\u4e86\u4ed6\u5728\u6211\u5fc3\u4e2d\u7684\u5a01\u56b4\uff0c\u6240\u8b02\u300e\u4e0d\u660e\u89ba\u53b2\u300f\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n


\n\u7ae5\u5bef\u6c34\u5f69\u756b\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5fb7\u570b<\/a>\u5fb7\u7d2f\u65af\u9813\u738b\u5bae\uff0c1930\u5e74<\/p>\n

\u4e09\u6b72\u958b\u59cb\u4e0a\u5e7c\u5152\u5712<\/a>\u4e86\uff0c\u7238\u5abd\u90fd\u5fd9\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ddf\u8457\u723a\u723a\u4e00\u8d77\u53bb\u4e0a\u5b78\u3002\u723a\u723a\u6bcf\u5929\u62ce\u8457\u4e00\u96bb\u5e03\u888b\u5b50\uff0c\u88e1\u9762\u88dd\u8457\u4e00\u652f\u92fc\u7b46\u548c\u4e00\u6c93\u8cc7\u6599\u5361\u7247\uff0c\u5140\u81ea\u8d70\u5728\u524d\u9762\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5f8c\u9762\u7dca\u8ddf\u8457\u3002\u90a3\u6703\u5152\uff0c\u4ed6\u5df2\u7d93\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u5df1\u4e0a\u7684\u662f\u5357\u4eac\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u9644\u5c6c\u5e7c\u5152\u5712<\/a>\uff0c\u9019\u500b\u5927\u5b78\u4e5f\u662f\u723a\u723a\u548c\u7238\u7238\u5abd\u5abd\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u5b78\u6821<\/a>\uff0c\u300c\u723a\u723a\u9001\u5b8c\u6211\uff0c\u6bcf\u5929\u90fd\u53bb\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u8cc7\u6599\u5ba4\u770b\u66f8\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

1986\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u6210\u70ba\u5357\u4eac\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\uff081988\u5e74\u6539\u540d\u300c\u6771\u5357\u5927\u5b78\u300d\uff09\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u672c\u79d1\u5b78\u751f\uff0c\u9019\u672c\u4f86\u4e0d\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u9ad8\u8003\u5fd7\u9858\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u723a\u723a\u90a3\u6642\u5019\u53bb\u4e16\u4e09\u5e74\u4e86\uff0c\u5bb6\u88e1\u6700\u5e74\u9577\u7684\u9577\u8f29\u5c31\u662f\u53d4\u723a\u7ae5\u6751\u4e86\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c08\u7a0b\u5f9e\u4e0a\u6d77<\/a>\u6253\u4f86\u96fb\u8a71\uff0c\u8ddf\u6211\u7238\u5abd\u8ac7\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5fc5\u9808\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5728\u6771\u5357\u5927\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u5ff5\u4e86\u4e03\u5e74\uff0c\u300c\u525b\u9032\u53bb\u7684\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u5c0d\u5efa\u7bc9\u5c08\u696d\u7684\u7406\u89e3\uff0c\u8ddf\u666e\u901a\u4eba\u6c92\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u5340\u5225\uff0c\u6211\u4ee5\u70ba\u5c31\u662f\u84cb\u623f\u5b50\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u5728\u723a\u723a\u5750\u4e8630\u5e74\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u8cc7\u6599\u5ba4\u88e1\uff0c\u7ae5\u660e\u5341\u5206\u7528\u529f\uff0c\u300c\u4e5f\u662f\u6c92\u8fa6\u6cd5\u300d\uff0c\u5b78\u6821<\/a>\u88e1\u5230\u8655\u90fd\u662f\u8a8d\u5f97\u4ed6\u7684\u8001\u5e2b\uff0c\u4ed6\u8d70\u8def\u90fd\u8cbc\u8457\u7246\u6839\u5152\u8d70\uff0c\u751f\u6015\u88ab\u4eba\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u300c\u4e00\u770b\u5230\u5c31\u8981\u88ab\u554f\uff0c\u529f\u8ab2\u600e\u9ebc\u6a23\u554a\uff1f\u300d<\/p>\n

\u5538\u5b8c\u672c\u79d1\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u5f8c\uff0c\u7ae5\u660e\u53c8\u5230\u540c\u6fdf\u5927\u5b78\u8b80\u535a\uff0c\u6c42\u5b78\u671f\u9593\u6709\u4e00\u500b\u5de5\u4f5c\u59cb\u7d42\u8cab\u5fb9\u5176\u9593\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u53c3\u8207\u6574\u7406\u3001\u7de8\u8f2f\u51fa\u7248\u300a\u7ae5\u5bef\u6587\u96c6\u300b\u3002\u4ed6\u5e78\u904b\u5730\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u8001\u7de8\u8f2f\u694a\u6c38\u751f\u300280\u5e74\u4ee3\u521d\uff0c\u694a\u6c38\u751f\u5c31\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9\u5de5\u696d\u51fa\u7248\u793e\u4e3b\u6301\u7de8\u8f2f\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u66fe\u591a\u6b21\u62dc\u8a2a\u904e\u7ae5\u5bef\uff0c\u8207\u7ae5\u5bef\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u5011\u63a5\u89f8\u4e5f\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6df1\u77e5\u7ae5\u5bef\u7684\u50f9\u503c\u3002\u5efa\u7bc9\u5927\u5e2b\u5f35\u958b\u6fdf\u4e0d\u6b62\u4e00\u6b21\u5c0d\u694a\u6c38\u751f\u8aaa\uff0c\u300c\u7ae5\u8001\u4e0d\u50c5\u5efa\u7bc9\u8a2d\u8a08\u597d\uff0c\u5b78\u554f\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u9053\u5fb7\u9ad8\uff0c\u6211\u4e00\u751f\u6700\u4f69\u670d\u7ae5\u8001\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u7e6a\u756b\u88ab\u8996\u70ba\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u529f\uff0c\u694a\u6c38\u751f\u6700\u65e9\u51fa\u7248\u7ae5\u5bef\u548c\u694a\u5ef7\u5bf6\uff08\u6211\u570b\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\uff0c\u6bd4\u7ae5\u5bef\u65e9\u4e09\u5e74\u7559\u7f8e\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u540c\u70ba\u5929\u624d\u5f0f\u4eba\u7269\uff09\u7684\u6c34\u5f69\u756b\u6642\uff0c\u66fe\u7d93\u5c0f\u7bc4\u570d\u8fa6\u904e\u4e00\u500b\u5c55\u89bd\uff0c\u9080\u8acb\u5efa\u7bc9\u5b78\u5bb6\u6234\u5ff5\u6148\u3001\u6c34\u5f69\u756b\u5bb6\u90b5\u5b87\u7b49\u5c08\u5bb6\u89c0\u6469\u3001\u54c1\u8a55\uff0c\u90b5\u5b87\u611f\u5606\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u9084\u771f\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4e2d\u570b\u6709\u4eba\u6c34\u5f69\u756b\u756b\u5f97\u9019\u9ebc\u597d\u3002\u6211\u770b\uff0c\u73fe\u5728\u5168\u570b\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u5e7e\u500b\u4eba\u80fd\u9054\u5230\u9019\u9ebc\u9ad8\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\uff01\u300d<\/p>\n

\u300c\u694a\u8001\u5e2b\u5c0d\u6211\u7279\u5225\u597d\uff0c\u7de8\u8f2f\u696d\u52d9\u90fd\u662f\u4ed6\u89aa\u81ea\u5e36\u6211\u7684\uff0c\u300d\u5728\u694a\u6c38\u751f\u7684\u9f13\u52f5\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ae5\u660e\u6574\u7406\u723a\u723a\u7684\u5404\u985e\u8457\u8ff0\uff0c\u5f9e1992\u5e74\u4e00\u76f4\u5fd9\u6d3b\u52302009\u5e74\uff0c\u300c\u4e3b\u8981\u7684\u6771\u897f\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u68b3\u7406\u5b8c\u4e86\uff0c\u5269\u4e0b\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u5c31\u6c92\u6709\u90a3\u9ebc\u5927\u58d3\u529b\u4e86\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6162\u6162\u5f9e\u5bb9\u5730\u8655\u7406\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5766\u8a00\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u76f8\u7576\u9577\u7684\u6642\u9593\u88e1\u53ea\u662f\u4f5c\u70ba\u4e00\u500b\u300c\u6587\u5b57\u7de8\u8f2f\u300d\uff0c\u5c0d\u723a\u723a\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u601d\u8003\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u4e16\u754c\u9818\u609f\u4e0d\u591a\u3002<\/p>\n


\n\u7ae5\u5bef\u6c34\u5f69\u756b\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u62d9\u653f\u5712\u9999\u6d32\uff0c1935\u5e74 \u5716\/\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/p>\n

\u300c\u6700\u5feb\u6a02\u800c\u6700\u53ef\u7d00\u5ff5\u8005\uff0c\u83ab\u84cb\u65bc\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e4b\u751f\u6d3b\u300d<\/h4>\n

1999\u5e74\uff0c\u7ae5\u660e\u81ea\u540c\u6fdf\u5927\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u8207\u57ce\u5e02\u898f\u5283\u5b78\u9662\u57ce\u5e02\u898f\u5283\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u8a2d\u8a08\u5c08\u696d\u7562\u696d\uff0c\u7372\u535a\u58eb\u5b78\u4f4d\uff0c\u7559\u6821\u4efb\u6559\u3002\u5e74\u6b72\u6f38\u9577\uff0c\u4ed6\u8d8a\u4f86\u8d8a\u6df1\u523b\u5730\u8a8d\u8b58\u5230\u7ae5\u5bef\u4ed6\u5011\u6b64\u4e00\u4ee3\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u7368\u7279\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6309\u7167\u4e2d\u570b\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u7fa4\u9ad4\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5283\u5206\uff0c\u7ae5\u5bef\u5c6c\u65bc\u300c\u5f8c\u4e94\u56db\u4e00\u4ee3\u300d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u300c\u4e94\u56db\u904b\u52d5\u300d\u6642\u671f\u6c42\u5b78\uff0c\u5176\u5f8c\u7559\u5b78\u6b50\u7f8e\uff0c\u76f8\u8f03\u65bc\u524d\u5169\u4ee3\u2500\u2500\u300c\u665a\u6e05\u4e00\u4ee3\u300d\u3001\u300c\u4e94\u56db\u4e00\u4ee3\u300d\uff0c\u6b64\u4e00\u4ee3\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u5c08\u696d\u5206\u5de5\u7684\u958b\u59cb\uff0c\u66f4\u52a0\u770b\u91cd\u5b78\u8853\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u7368\u7acb\u50f9\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6b64\u4e00\u4ee3\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u7684\u547d\u904b\u4e5f\u6975\u5176\u574e\u5777\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5728\u58ef\u5e74\u906d\u9022\u516b\u5e74\u6297\u6230\u7684\u8271\u82e6\u6d41\u96e2\uff0c\u5176\u5f8c\u53c8\u7d93\u6b77\u4e00\u9023\u4e32\u7684\u653f\u6cbb\u904b\u52d5\uff0c\u76f4\u81f370\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f8c\u671f\uff0c\u80fd\u5920\u71ac\u904e\u4f86\u7684\u5c11\u6578\u4eba\u624d\u5f97\u4ee5\u5728\u66ae\u5e74\u7e7c\u7e8c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n

\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u5728\u5176\u9593\u7684\u793e\u6703\u5de8\u8b8a\u4e2d\u6416\u64fa\u5931\u64da\uff0c\u5931\u53bb\u4e86\u5c0d\u5c08\u696d\u8a71\u8a9e\u79d1\u5b78\u6027\u7684\u6301\u5b88\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u66fe\u7d93\u662f\u6b64\u4e00\u4ee3\u5b78\u4eba\u6700\u73cd\u8996\u7684\uff0c\u7ae5\u5bef\u4ee4\u696d\u754c\u6b3d\u4f69\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u6b63\u5728\u65bc\u4ed6\u59cb\u7d42\u5805\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u8077\u696d\u8a8d\u77e5\u548c\u5b78\u8853\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f9e\u7ae5\u5bef\u7684\u8eab\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u90a3\u4e00\u4ee3\u77e5\u8b58\u4eba\u7684\u80cc\u5f71\u3002\u4ed6\u5b78\u6210\u6b78\u570b\u50c5\u50c5\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u5373\u906d\u9047\u300c\u4e5d\u4e00\u516b\u300d\u4e8b\u8b8a\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u5f9e\u6771\u5317\u8f3e\u8f49\u9077\u81f3\u4e0a\u6d77<\/a>\u30021937\u5e74\u6dde\u6eec\u6297\u6230\uff0c\u53c8\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u96e2\u958b\u30021944\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u61c9\u4e2d\u592e\u5927\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u4e3b\u4efb\u5289\u6566\u6968\u7684\u9080\u8acb\uff0c\u5f9e\u8cb4\u967d\u5230\u91cd\u6176\u4efb\u517c\u8077\u6559\u6388\u30021949\u5e74\u5a49\u62d2\u4e86\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5171\u5efa\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u7684\u9080\u8acb\u5f8c\uff0c50\u5e74\u4ee3\u56e0\u79c1\u4eba\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u4e8b\u52d9\u6240\u88ab\u53d6\u7de0\u6539\u88fd\u70ba\u5efa\u7bc9\u8a2d\u8a08\u9662\uff0c\u4ed6\u5fb9\u5e95\u9000\u51fa\u4e86\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u884c\u696d\uff0c\u5b9a\u5c45\u5357\u4eac\uff0c\u5c08\u5fc3\u6559\u7814\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7f8e\u570b<\/a>\u8def\u6613\u7dad\u723e\u5927\u5b78\u7f8e\u8853\u7cfb\u4e9e\u6d32\u7f8e\u8853\u53f2\u548c\u5efa\u7bc9\u53f2\u6559\u6388\u8cf4\u5fb7\u9716\u64b0\u6587\u7a31\uff0c\u7ae5\u5bef\u4e00\u751f\u7d93\u6b77\u665a\u6e05\u3001\u6c11\u570b\u548c\u5171\u548c\u570b\u4e09\u500b\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u66f2\u6298\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u9020\u6210\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u6027\uff0c\u300c\u4f46\u662f\u6beb\u7121\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u4f5c\u54c1\u3001\u8457\u8ff0\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f8c\u4eba\u5011\u7684\u56de\u61b6\uff0c\u90fd\u6e05\u695a\u5730\u8aaa\u660e\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u90fd\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u5c0d\u65bc\u79d1\u5b78\u548c\u6280\u8853\u7684\u4fe1\u5949\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u85dd\u8853\u7684\u71b1\u611b\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u4e3b\u7fa9\u7684\u63a2\u6c42\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c0d\u65bc\u4e00\u7a2e\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u4eba\u683c\u7684\u81ea\u89ba\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u662f\u7ae5\u5bef\u6700\u937e\u611b\u7684\u8077\u696d\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281944\u5e74\u767c\u8868\u7684\u300a\u5efa\u7bc9\u6559\u80b2\u300b\u4e2d\u66fe\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u300c\u4eba\u751f\u552f\u5728\u8b80\u66f8\u6642\uff0c\u8da3\u5473\u6700\u591a\uff0c\u7136\u6700\u5feb\u6a02\u800c\u6700\u53ef\u7d00\u5ff5\u8005\uff0c\u83ab\u84cb\u65bc\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e4b\u751f\u6d3b\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

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\u67f3\u5b97\u5143\u7b46\u4e0b\u7684\u9019\u4f4d\u6893\u4eba\uff0c\u6709\u5de5\u7a0b\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u898f\u5283\u3001\u76e3\u7406\u4e4b\u80fd\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6b63\u662f\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u7684\u7956\u5e2b\u723a\u3002\u7ae5\u5bef\u6b23\u8cde\u5176\u9ad8\u5c1a\u7684\u8077\u696d\u64cd\u5b88\u3002\u67f3\u5b97\u5143\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u8a2d\u554f\uff0c\u5047\u5982\u9047\u5230\u696d\u4e3b\u7684\u6a6b\u52a0\u5e72\u6d89\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u5c0e\u81f4\u5de5\u7a0b\u54c1\u8cea\u4e0d\u5408\u683c\uff0c\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u7531\u696d\u4e3b\u8ca0\u5168\u8cac\uff0c\u6893\u4eba\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u53ea\u7ba1\u63a5\u6d3b\u6399\u9322\u5c31\u662f\u4e86\uff1f\u6893\u4eba\u66f0\uff0c\u300c\u4e0d\u7136\uff01\u592b\u7e69\u58a8\u8aa0\u9673\uff0c\u898f\u77e9\u8aa0\u8a2d\uff0c\u9ad8\u8005\u4e0d\u53ef\u6291\u800c\u4e0b\u4e5f\uff0c\u72f9\u8005\u4e0d\u53ef\u5f35\u800c\u5ee3\u4e5f\u3002\u7531\u6211\u5247\u56fa\uff0c\u4e0d\u7531\u6211\u5247\u572e\u3002\u5f7c\u5c07\u6a02\u53bb\u56fa\u800c\u5c31\u572e\u4e5f\uff0c\u5247\u5377\u5176\u8853\uff0c\u9ed8\u5176\u667a\uff0c\u60a0\u723e\u800c\u53bb\u3002\u4e0d\u5c48\u543e\u9053\uff0c\u662f\u8aa0\u826f\u6893\u4eba\u8033\uff01\u300d<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u523b\u6709\u4e00\u679a\u79c1\u7ae0\uff0c\u300c\u7ae5\u5bef\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u300d\uff0c\u96e2\u958b\u9019\u500b\u8077\u696d\u591a\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u8996\u4e4b\u70ba\u81ea\u5df1\u4eba\u683c\u7acb\u5834\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u6233\u8a18\u30021977\u5e74\u590f\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u7d66\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u6e05\u83ef\u5b78\u5802\u5538\u66f8\u6642\u7684\u5ba4\u53cb\u3001\u5c1a\u672a\u6458\u5e3d\u5e73\u53cd\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u6797\u540c\u6fdf\u756b\u4e86\u4e00\u5e45\u6c34\u58a8\u5c71\u6c34\u756b\uff0c\u5c31\u84cb\u4e0a\u4e86\u9019\u679a\u5370\u7ae0\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n\u7ae5\u5bef\u5927\u4e0a\u6d77<\/a>\u5927\u6232\u9662\u8a2d\u8a08\u5716\u7d19\uff0c1932\u5e74 \u5716\/\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/p>\n

\u300c\u6211\u662f\u6b23\u8cde\u9019\u4e9b\u6d0b\u66f8\u7684\u300d<\/h4>\n

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1964\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u64b0\u5beb\u4e86\u300a\u8fd1\u767e\u5e74\u65b0\u5efa\u7bc9\u4ee3\u8868\u4f5c\uff08\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u793e\u6703\uff09\u300b\u4e00\u6587\uff0c\u7d66\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u5e2b\u751f\u4f5c\u5167\u90e8\u53c3\u8003\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u958b\u7bc7\u5c31\u5c071851\u5e74\u502b\u6566<\/a>\u6c34\u6676\u5bae\u5927\u91cf\u4f7f\u7528\u9435\u8cea\u69cb\u4ef6\u53ca\u73bb\u7483\u4f5c\u70ba\u65b0\u6280\u8853\u65b0\u6750\u6599\u50ac\u751f\u5efa\u7bc9\u5f62\u5f0f\u6f14\u8b8a\u7684\u95dc\u9375\u7bc0\u9ede\uff0c\u81ea\u6b64\u300c\uff08\u5efa\u7bc9\uff09\u7d50\u69cb\u521d\u6b21\u812b\u96e2\u7b28\u91cd\u7684\u78da\u77f3\u300d\u3002\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u5beb\u6210\u56db\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u82f1\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9<\/a>\u53f2\u5b78\u5bb6\u4f69\u592b\u65af\u7d0d\u5728\u300a\u73fe\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u8207\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u6e90\u6cc9\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u4e5f\u5c07\u6c34\u6676\u5bae\u8996\u70ba\u73fe\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u5728\u300c19\u4e16\u7d00\u7684\u8a66\u91d1\u77f3\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

1930\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ed6\u66fe\u4ee5\u300c\u5efa\u7bc9\u79d1\u5b78\u89c0\u300d\u6279\u5224\u7576\u6642\u4e2d\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e2d\u4ee5\u300c\u5927\u5c4b\u9802\u300d\u70ba\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u4fdd\u5b88\u50be\u5411\u3002\u300c\u6587\u9769\u300d\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u4ed6\u53c8\u7528\u6b64\u4e00\u89c0\u9ede\u53cd\u5c0d\u6975\u5de6\u601d\u60f3\u5c0d\u65bc\u4ecb\u7d39\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u897f\u65b9\u73fe\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u58d3\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300a\u61c9\u8a72\u600e\u6a23\u5c0d\u5f85\u897f\u65b9\u5efa\u7bc9\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u5beb\u65bc1970\u5e74\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u5011\u6279\u5224\u5d07\u6d0b\u601d\u60f3\uff0c\u5176\u8981\u5bb3\u5728\u65bc\u300e\u5d07\u300f\uff0c\u4e0d\u5728\u65bc\u300e\u6d0b\u300f\u3002\u5fc5\u9808\u8a8d\u70ba\uff1a\u5118\u7ba1\u897f\u65b9\u5efa\u7bc9\u662f\u70ba\u8cc7\u672c\u4e3b\u7fa9\u670d\u52d9\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u5728\u8cc7\u7522\u968e\u7d1a\u624b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u5229\u6f64\uff0c\u525d\u524a\u52de\u52d5\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u5118\u7ba1\u8a2d\u8a08\u601d\u60f3\u6709\u6642\u9f13\u5f04\u7384\u865b\uff0c\u76e1\u60c5\u8ffd\u6c42\u4eab\u53d7\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u500b\u4eba\u540d\u5229\uff0c\u70ba\u8a2d\u8a08\u4eba\u81ea\u5df1\u6a39\u7acb\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\uff0c\u9019\u7a2e\u7121\u7591\u61c9\u52a0\u4ee5\u6279\u5224\u3002\u4f46\u897f\u65b9\u5efa\u7bc9\u6280\u8853\u4e2d\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u8a08\u7b97\u3001\u69cb\u9020\u65bd\u5de5\u548c\u8a2d\u8a08\u6cd5\u5247\u7b49\u7b49\uff0c\u96d6\u4e5f\u593e\u96dc\u4e00\u4e9b\u7169\u7463\u54f2\u5b78\uff0c\u7a7a\u8ac7\u6d6e\u8a87\uff0c\u7d55\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u9084\u662f\u79d1\u5b78\u7684\u3001\u6b63\u78ba\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u61c9\u8a72\u4e88\u4ee5\u80af\u5b9a\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u4ed6\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\u5217\u8209\u4e86\u897f\u65b9\u5efa\u7bc9\u7d50\u69cb\u529b\u5b78\u3001\u73fe\u4ee3\u92fc\u9435\u548c\u73bb\u7483\u7b49\u6750\u6599\u3001\u92fc\u7b4b\u6df7\u51dd\u571f\u7d50\u69cb\u3001\u8584\u6bbc\u7d50\u69cb\u3001\u4e09\u89d2\u5c4b\u67b6\u3001\u6a5f\u80fd\u914d\u7f6e\u3001\u5efa\u7bc9\u985e\u578b\u3001\u5efa\u7bc9\u8a2d\u5099\u3001\u65bd\u5de5\u5100\u5668\u3001\u5716\u5f0f\u5e7e\u4f55\u7b491\u4e94\u500b\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u512a\u9ede\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4e2d\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9\u754c\u300c\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a5\u53d7\u3001\u61c9\u8a72\u5b78\u7fd2\u300d\u3002\u9019\u4e9b\u4eca\u5929\u770b\u8d77\u4f86\u90fd\u662f\u5e38\u8b58\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u90a3\u500b\u5e74\u4ee3\u5beb\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u537b\u9700\u8981\u81bd\u8b58\u3002<\/p>\n

1979\u5e74\uff0c\u7ae5\u5bef\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u5c08\u8457\u300a\u8fd1\u767e\u5e74\u897f\u65b9\u5efa\u7bc9\u53f2\u300b\u3002\u5728\u4ed6\u751f\u547d\u7684\u6700\u5f8c\u5169\u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ee5\u516b\u5341\u4e8c\u4e09\u7684\u9ad8\u9f61\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u5728\u70ba\u5de5\u696d\u5316\u521d\u671f\u7684\u4e2d\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9\u773a\u671b\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u767c\u8868\u9577\u6587\u300a\u5efa\u7bc9\u79d1\u6280\u6cbf\u9769\u300b\uff0c\u63d0\u9192\u5f9e\u696d\u8005\uff0c\u5c0d\u65bc\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e09\u8981\u7d20\uff08\u5805\u56fa\u3001\u5be6\u7528\u3001\u7f8e\u89c0\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u300c\u5805\u56fa\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u897f\u65b9\u540c\u884c\u6709\u8457\u4e45\u9060\u7684\u63a2\u6c42\uff0c\u81f3\u4eca\u5df2\u9054\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u79d1\u5b78\u6c34\u5e73\u300d\uff0c\u547c\u7c72\u6211\u570b\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u8a2d\u8a08\u3001\u7d50\u69cb\u548c\u8a2d\u5099\u4e09\u500b\u5c08\u696d\u5728\u767c\u5c55\u4e2d\u4e92\u76f8\u91cd\u8996\u4f75\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u65b0\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u6280\u8853\u9084\u5c07\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u7bc0\u7d04\u8cc7\u6e90\u3002
\n\u7ae5\u660e\u8aaa\u723a\u723a\u81ea1956\u5e74\u4e4b\u5f8c\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u300c\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u96b1\u5c45\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u68b3\u7406\u5168\u7403\u6027\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u601d\u6f6e\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u66f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u8b9a\u5606\u7684\u662f\u7ae5\u5bef50\u6b72\u4e4b\u5f8c\u53ea\u6709\u4e00\u5f35\u66f8\u684c\uff0c\u537b\u59cb\u7d42\u80fd\u5c07\u76ee\u5149\u8abf\u81f3\u5e73\u8996\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4ed630\u6b72\u56de\u570b\uff0c\u518d\u4e5f\u6c92\u6709\u6a5f\u6703\u8e0f\u51fa\u570b\u9580\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u59cb\u7d42\u60f3\u8fa6\u6cd5\u8ffd\u8e64\u570b\u969b\u5efa\u7bc9\u767c\u5c55\u8cc7\u8a0a\u2500\u2500\u6297\u6230\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4ecd\u5805\u6301\u8a02\u95b1\u7f8e\u570b<\/a>\u6b0a\u5a01\u5efa\u7bc9\u96dc\u8a8c\u300a\u5efa\u7bc9\u5be6\u9304\u300b\uff1b\u56db\u4e94\u5341\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4ed6\u8b93\u5728\u7f8e\u570b<\/a>\u7559\u5b78\u7684\u5152\u5b50\u6309\u7167\u4ed6\u958b\u5217\u7684\u66f8\u55ae\u5f80\u5357\u4eac\u5bc4\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u7a2e\u5efa\u7bc9\u66f8\u7c4d\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u5c31\u6709\u67ef\u6bd4\u610f<\/a>\u7684\u300a\u6a21\u77e9\u8ad6\u300b\u548c\u73fe\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u53f2\u5bb6\u57fa\u8fea\u6069\uff08Siegfried Giedion\uff09\u7684\u7d93\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\u300a\u7a7a\u9593\u3001\u6642\u9593\u3001\u5efa\u7bc9\u300b\uff08Space, Time and Architecture: The. Growth of a New Tradition\uff09\uff1b\u300c\u6587\u9769\u300d\u671f\u9593\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u5289\u6566\u6968\u3001\u694a\u5ef7\u5bf6\u88ab\u6253\u6210\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u300c\u4e09\u584a\u81ed\u724c\u5b50\u300d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u532f\u5831\u4e2d\u5beb\u9053\uff0c\u4f11\u5047\u671f\u9593\u9084\u8dd1\u5230\u7cfb\u5716\u66f8\u5ba4\u501f\u520a\u7269\uff0c\u300c\u62db\u6416\u904e\u5e02\uff0c\u7d66\u9752\u5e74\u6559\u5e2b\u548c\u540c\u5b78\u5011\u300e\u6cbb\u5b78\u7cbe\u795e\u300f\u58de\u699c\u6a23\uff0c\u6d41\u6bd2\u5f88\u5ee3\u3002\u300d\u300c\u6eff\u67b6\u6d0b\u66f8\uff0c\u767e\u5206\u4e4b\u4e5d\u5341\u4f86\u81ea\u82f1\u3001\u7f8e\u3001\u6cd5\u3001\u5fb7\u3001\u610f\uff0c\u65e5\u4f54\u5176\u9918\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u4e0d\u7528\u8aaa\uff0c\u6211\u662f\u6b23\u8cde\u9019\u4e9b\u6d0b\u66f8\u7684\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n


\n\u7ae5\u5bef\u592b\u5a66\u651c\u5b50\u7ae5\u8a69\u767d\u5728\u5712\u6797\u4e2d \u5716\/\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/p>\n

\u81ea1950\u5e74\u4ee3\u81f31983\u5e74\uff0c\u7ae5\u5bef\u70ba\u5357\u4eac\u5de5\u5b78\u9662\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u8cc7\u6599\u5ba4\u7de8\u5beb\u4e86\u6578\u767e\u4efd\u570b\u5916\u5efa\u7bc9\u6587\u7ae0\u8b6f\u4ecb\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u65b9\u4fbf\u5927\u591a\u6578\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u95b1\u8b80\u5916\u6587\u539f\u6587\u7684\u5e2b\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300c\u6587\u9769\u300d\u5f8c\u671f\uff0c\u5de5\u5ba3\u968a\u60f3\u8981\u628a\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u548c\u571f\u6728\u7cfb\u5408\u4f75\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u542b\u7cca\u5176\u8fad\uff0c\u6709\u4eba\u96a8\u8072\u9644\u548c\uff0c\u7ae5\u5bef\u8aaa\uff0c\u300c\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u8207\u571f\u6728\u7cfb\u6709\u6839\u672c\u5340\u5225\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5169\u7cfb\u4e0d\u4f75\uff0c\u5730\u7403\u5c31\u4e0d\u8f49\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u5408\u4f75\u3002\u4e0d\u7136\uff0c\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u9084\u662f\u8981\u8fa6\uff01\u300d<\/p>\n

\u8cf4\u5fb7\u9716\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u8981\u8a8d\u8b58\u7ae5\u5bef\uff0c\u300c\u5fc5\u9808\u8a8d\u8b58\u4ed6\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u300d\uff0c\u4e14\u8981\u5c07\u4ed6\u7f6e\u65bc\u300c\u4e2d\u570b\u8fd1\u73fe\u4ee3\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u53f2\u8a9e\u5883\u4ee5\u53ca\u793e\u6703\u6587\u5316\u548c\u601d\u60f3\u53f2\u7684\u8a9e\u5883\u300d\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5982\u6b64\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u59cb\u7d42\u6301\u5b88\u5c0d\u65bc\u8077\u696d\u548c\u4eba\u751f\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u6027\u8ffd\u6c42\uff0c\u300c\u4e0d\u5c48\u543e\u9053\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ae5\u5bef\u66fe\u7d93\u6279\u8a55\u65e5\u672c<\/a>\u73fe\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u5143\u8001\u6751\u91ce\u85e4\u543e\uff0c1959\u5e74\u6751\u91ce\u5728\u8a2d\u8a08\u5927\u962a<\/a>\u65b0\u6b4c\u821e\u4f0e\u5ea7\u6642\u5c48\u5f9e\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u8981\u6c42\u800c\u63a1\u7528\u4e86\u548c\u6d0b\u6298\u8877\u7684\u300c\u5e1d\u51a0\u300d\u98a8\u683c\u548c\u50b3\u7d71\u88dd\u98fe\uff0c\u4ed6\u5606\u606f\u8aaa\u9019\u662f\u300c\u628a\u5e73\u751f\u62b1\u8ca0\u4ed8\u4e4b\u6771\u6d41\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n


\n1982\u5e74\uff0c\u7ae5\u5bef\u665a\u5e74\u5728\u6e05\u83ef \u5716\/\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/p>\n

\u300c\u9019\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u300d<\/h4>\n

\u50b3\u7d71\u8207\u9769\u65b0\uff0c\u662f\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u7e5e\u4e0d\u958b\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u554f\u984c\u3002\u7ae5\u5bef\u5c0d\u6751\u91ce\u7684\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u4e5f\u5728\u65bc\u6b64\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9\u754c\u5728\u9019\u500b\u8b70\u984c\u4e0a\u7684\u7126\u9ede\u662f\u95dc\u65bc\u300c\u5927\u5c4b\u9802\u300d\u7684\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u5f9e\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d0030\u81f350\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u76f4\u5ef6\u7e8c\u523090\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u300c\u5927\u5c4b\u9802\u300d\u98a8\u683c\u6642\u6709\u52c3\u8208\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ae5\u5bef\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u5927\u5c4b\u9802\u300d\u662f\u50b3\u7d71\u4e2d\u5f0f\u5efa\u7bc9\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u300c\u73fe\u4ee3\u5316\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6c11\u65cf\u5316\u300d\uff0c\u66fe\u5c16\u92b3\u5730\u6279\u8a55\u9019\u7a2e\u8655\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u65e2\u4fdd\u5b88\u53c8\u5e7c\u7a1a\uff0c\u662f\u300c\u8fae\u5b50\u5efa\u7bc9\u85dd\u8853\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

1930\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u570b\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u70ba\u300c\u767c\u63da\u5149\u5927\u672c\u570b\u56fa\u6709\u6587\u5316\u300d\uff0c\u5c0d\u897f\u5f0f\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e0a\u52a0\u84cb\u4e2d\u570b\u50b3\u7d71\u7409\u7483\u74e6\u5927\u5c4b\u9802\u60c5\u6709\u7368\u937e\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c0d\u4e2d\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9\u77ad\u89e3\u4e0d\u6df1\u7684\u897f\u65b9\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u4e5f\u937e\u60c5\u65bc\u6b64\uff0c\u570b\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u7279\u8058\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u8a2d\u8a08\u904e\u4e0d\u5c11\u5927\u5c4b\u9802\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u7f8e\u570b<\/a>\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u58a8\u83f2\u70ba\u653f\u5e9c\u5efa\u7bc9\u9867\u554f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ae5\u5bef1937\u5e74\u4fbf\u5728\u6797\u8a9e\u5802\u4e3b\u7de8\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u520a\u7269\u300a\u5929\u4e0b\u6708\u520a\u300b\u4e0a\u767c\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u5efa\u7bc9\u85dd\u8853\u7d00\u5be6\u300b\u4e00\u6587\u6f84\u6e05\u8aa4\u5340\uff0c\u300c\u6309\u4e2d\u570b\u53e4\u4ee3\u7fd2\u4fd7\u8207\u50b3\u7d71\uff0c\u5728\u4f5b\u5bfa\u3001\u8336\u4ead\u3001\u7d00\u5ff5\u5802\u4e0a\u653e\u4e0a\u5c4b\u9802\u4e5f\u5c6c\u5341\u5206\u5408\u7406\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6309\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a2d\u8a08\u5167\u90e8\u7684\u5927\u5927\u5c0f\u5c0f\u623f\u5c4b\u4e0a\u653e\u500b\u74e6\u5c4b\u9802\uff0c\u5c31\u7acb\u523b\u986f\u5f97\u4e0d\u9069\u6642\u5b9c\u548c\u8352\u8a95\u4e0d\u7d93\u4e86\u3002\u300d\u300c\u4e2d\u570b\u5c4b\u9802\u84cb\u5728\u6700\u65b0\u5f0f\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u4e0a\uff0c\u770b\u4e0a\u53bb\u5982\u8fae\u5b50\u4e00\u822c\u7d2f\u8d05\u591a\u9918\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

1941\u5e74\u4ed6\u5728\u300a\u6230\u570b\u7b56\u300b\u96dc\u8a8c\u4e0a\u518d\u8ad6\u300a\u4e2d\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u7279\u9ede\u300b\uff0c\u7a31\u4e2d\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u7279\u9ede\u5728\u8fd1\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b78\u767c\u9054\u4ee5\u524d\uff0c\u78ba\u5be6\u6709\u5176\u985b\u64b2\u4e0d\u7834\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u300c\u60df\u81ea\u92fc\u9435\u6c34\u6ce5\u76db\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cbe\u5bc6\u8a08\u7b97\u4f7f\u5176\u7d93\u6fdf\u5408\u7528\uff0c\u4e2d\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u512a\u9ede\u90fd\u8b8a\u6210\u5f31\u9ede\u3002\u6728\u6750\u4e0d\u80fd\u9632\u706b\u8010\u9707\u6297\u70b8\uff0c\u6839\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u9069\u7528\u73fe\u4ee3\u3002\u4e2d\u570b\u5f0f\u5c4b\u9802\u96d6\u7f8e\u89c0\uff0c\u4f46\u82e5\u62ff\u92fc\u9aa8<\/a>\u6c34\u6ce5\u4f86\u652f\u6490\u82e5\u5e72\u66f2\u7dda\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5408\u5148\u6c11\u5275\u9020\u4e4b\u65e8\uff0c\u5012\u4e0d\u5982\u505a\u5e73\u5c4b\u9762\uff0c\u9644\u5e36\u7684\u751f\u51fa\u4e00\u7247\u5e73\u53f0\u5730\u9762\u3002\u6211\u5011\u9084\u9700\u8981\u5f69\u756b\u55ce\uff1f\u92fc\u9aa8<\/a>\u6c34\u6ce5\u662f\u8010\u4e45\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u5f69\u756b\u662f\u5bb9\u6613\u525d\u843d\u7684\u6771\u897f\uff0c\u4f55\u5fc5\u5728\u91d1\u8eab\u4e0a\u8cbc\u818f\u85e5\uff1f\u2026\u2026\u4e2d\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9\u4eca\u5f8c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e16\u754c\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5c31\u50cf\u4e2d\u570b\u88fd\u9020\u7684\u8f2a\u8239\u706b\u8eca\u8207\u4ed6\u570b\u88fd\u9020\u7684\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u5fc5\u6709\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\u4e4b\u9ede\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

1931\u5e74\u5e95\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f9e\u700b\u967d\u4f86\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77<\/a>\uff0c\u548c\u8d99\u6df1\u3001\u9673\u690d\u4e00\u540c\u7d44\u5efa\u83ef\u84cb\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u4e8b\u52d9\u6240\u6642\uff0c\u4e09\u500b\u7559\u7f8e\u6d3e\u7d04\u5b9a\u62d2\u7d55\u4f7f\u7528\u5927\u5c4b\u9802\uff0c\u529b\u5716\u6210\u70ba\u300c\u6c42\u65b0\u6d3e\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n


\n\u7ae5\u5bef\u5efa\u7bc9\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4e0a\u6d77<\/a>\u897f\u85cf\u8def\u516c\u5bd3\u8a2d\u8a08\u63d0\u6848\uff0c1934\u5e74<\/p>\n

\u4e0a\u4e16\u7d0030\u5e74\u4ee3\u662f\u4ed6\u5efa\u7bc9\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u5275\u4f5c\u9ad8\u5cf0\uff0c\u5357\u4eac\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u5927\u6a13\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u9996\u90fd\u98ef\u5e97<\/a>\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u5b6b\u79d1\u4f4f\u5b85\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u5f35\u6cbb\u4e2d\u4f4f\u5b85\u3001\u4e0a\u6d77<\/a>\u91d1\u57ce\u5927\u6232\u9662\u3001\u5357\u4eac\u5730\u8cea\u7926\u7269\u535a\u7269\u9928<\/a>\u7b49\u7b49\u767e\u9918\u5ea7\u5efa\u7bc9\u4f5c\u54c1\u5927\u591a\u90fd\u51fa\u81ea\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u671f\u3002\u4ed6\u8207\u694a\u5ef7\u5bf6\u3001\u9678\u8b19\u53d7\u3001\u674e\u60e0\u4f2f\u7b493\u4f4d\u660e\u661f\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u4e26\u7a31\u5efa\u7bc9\u5708\u300c\u56db\u5927\u540d\u65e6\u300d\u3002\u76f8\u6bd4\u65bc\u5176\u4ed6\u8a2d\u8a08\u5e2b\u4ec0\u9ebc\u90fd\u505a\uff0c\u83ef\u84cb\u4e8b\u52d9\u6240\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u98a8\u683c\u975e\u5e38\u7d71\u4e00\uff0c\u9664\u4e00\u500b\u5fc5\u9808\u8207\u539f\u5efa\u7bc9\u76f8\u5354\u8abf\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\u63a1\u53d6\u4e86\u53e4\u5178\u5f62\u5f0f\u5916\uff0c\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5168\u662f\u73fe\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u3002<\/p>\n


\n\u7ae5\u5bef\u5efa\u7bc9\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5357\u4eacAB\u5927\u6a13\uff0c1946\u5e74<\/p>\n

\u7576\u5e74\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\u5925\u4f34\u3001\u5efa\u7bc9\u5927\u5e2b\u9673\u690d1983\u5e74\u66fe\u64b0\u6587\u8ffd\u61b6\u7ae5\u5bef\uff0c\u300c\u4ed6\u601d\u7dad\u654f\u6377\uff0c\u843d\u7b46\u8fc5\u75be\uff0c\u5275\u4f5c\u4ee5\u683c\u8abf\u56b4\u8b39\u3001\u6bd4\u4f8b\u58ef\u5065\u3001\u7dda\u689d\u633a\u62d4\u3001\u7b46\u6cd5\u7c21\u6f54\u3001\u8272\u5f69\u6e05\u6de1\u800c\u53d6\u52dd\uff0c\u4e0d\u52d9\u83ef\u9e97\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c1a\u4fee\u98fe\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n


\n1926\u5e74\uff0c\u8cd3\u5927\u540c\u5b78\u7559\u5f71\uff0c\u5de6\u8d77\uff1a\u7ae5\u5bef\u3001\u904e\u5143\u7199\u3001\u9673\u690d \u5716\/\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/p>\n

\u9673\u690d\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u4e09\u500b\u5408\u5925\u4eba\u300c\u76f8\u7d04\u64ef\u68c4\u5927\u5c4b\u9802\u300d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u662f\u653e\u68c4\u5c0d\u6c11\u65cf\u5f62\u5f0f\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u98a8\u8c8c\u7684\u63a2\u5c0b\uff0c\u300c\u5728\u6c11\u65cf\u5f62\u5f0f\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u5982\u5357\u4eac\u539f\u570b\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u5916\u4ea4\u90e8\u8fa6\u516c\u5927\u6a13\u6709\u6240\u7a81\u7834\uff0c\u800c\u7ae5\u5bef\u540c\u5fd7\u6240\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u5357\u4eac\u4e2d\u5c71\u6587\u5316\u6559\u80b2\u9928\uff08\u6297\u6230\u6642\u6bc0\u65bc\u70ae\u706b\uff09\u5728\u878d\u6703\u53e4\u4eca\u4e2d\u5916\u7684\u5617\u8a66\u4e0a\u662f\u6709\u793a\u7bc4\u610f\u7fa9\u7684\u3002\u9928\u7684\u53f3\u65b9\u5c79\u7acb\u8457\u4e00\u500b\u67f1\u5854\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e0d\u5c0d\u7a31\u7684\u7acb\u9762\uff0c\u4e0a\u90e8\u5d4c\u4ee5\u7409\u7483\u82b1\u78da\uff0c\u6c23\u52e2\u5b8f\u5049\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f62\u50b3\u795e\u5730\u8868\u9054\u4e86\u6fc3\u539a\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u98a8\u8c8c\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u7ae5\u5bef\u57281978\u5e74\u5b8c\u7a3f\u7684\u300a\u65b0\u5efa\u7bc9\u8207\u6d41\u6d3e\u300b\u4e00\u66f8\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6574\u8868\u8ff0\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u5c0d\u6280\u8853\u8207\u50b3\u7d71\u7684\u6301\u7e8c\u601d\u8003\u3002\u7ae5\u660e\u8aaa\uff0c\u8001\u5148\u751f\u8a8d\u70ba\u300c\u91dd\u5c0d\u9019\u4e9b\u554f\u984c\u6c92\u6709\u7c21\u55ae\u7684\u7b54\u6848\u300d\uff0c\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u6559\u5b78\u7684\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u4e5f\u64d4\u4efb\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\uff0c\u5c0d\u723a\u723a\u6240\u5beb\u7684\u9019\u6bb5\u8a71\u6df1\u6709\u611f\u89f8\uff0c\u300c\u5982\u679c\u8a8d\u70ba\u770b\u5b8c\u4e00\u4e9b\u8cc7\u6599\u5c31\u80fd\u4e0b\u7b46\uff0c\u4e43\u662f\u5929\u771f\u60f3\u6cd5\u3002\u82e5\u8b80\u7562\u9019\u4efd\u82bb\u8558\u4e4b\u737b\u4ee5\u5f8c\uff08\u7ae5\u5148\u751f\u81ea\u8b19\u4e4b\u8a5e\uff0c\u610f\u601d\u662f\u5272\u8349\u6253\u67f4\u4e4b\u4eba\u6240\u8a00\uff09\uff0c\u4ecd\u89ba\u5919\u591c\u5fac\u5fa8\uff0c\u8d70\u6295\u7121\u8def\uff0c\u611f\u5230\u6240\u4f5c\u63d0\u6848\uff0c\u662f\u975e\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u6bd4\u672a\u8b80\u4e4b\u524d\u63d0\u51fa\u66f4\u591a\u7591\u554f\uff0c\u5c1a\u5f85\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u947d\u7814\uff0c\u90a3\u9019\u66f8\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u5c31\u9054\u5230\u4e86\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

1979\u5e74\uff0c\u570b\u9580\u521d\u958b\uff0c\u5728\u5357\u4eac\u91d1\u9675\u98ef\u5e97<\/a>\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u63d0\u6848\u5be9\u5b9a\u6703\u4e0a\uff0c79\u6b72\u7684\u7ae5\u5bef\u5805\u5b9a\u652f\u6301\u9999\u6e2f<\/a>\u5df4\u99ac\u4e39\u62ff\u96c6\u5718\uff08\u53c8\u7a31\u82f1\u570b<\/a>\u516c\u548c\u6d0b\u884c\uff09\u7684\u73fe\u4ee3\u6d3e\u8a2d\u8a08\u63d0\u6848\uff0c\u300c\u9019\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\uff01\u300d\u70ba\u8868\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u665a\u5e74\u5e7e\u4e4e\u5f9e\u4e0d\u51fa\u5e2d\u6d3b\u52d5\u7684\u4ed6\uff0c\u9084\u89aa\u81e8\u98ef\u5e97<\/a>\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u5178\u79ae\uff0c\u529b\u633a\u65b0\u751f\u4e8b\u7269\u30021983\u5e7410\u6708\u958b\u5e55\u7684\u91d1\u9675\u98ef\u5e97<\/a>\u9ad837\u5c64\uff0c\u4ee5110\u516c\u5c3a\u7684\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6210\u70ba\u7576\u6642\u7684\u300c\u4e2d\u570b\u7b2c\u4e00\u9ad8\u6a13\u300d\u300280\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u91d1\u9675\u98ef\u5e97<\/a>\u5728\u5916\u5a92\u4e0a\u7684\u66dd\u5149\u7387\u50c5\u6b21\u65bc\u5929\u5b89\u9580\uff0c\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u81ea\u4fe1\u958b\u653e\u4e4b\u614b\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u5730\u6a19\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300c\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u9019\u500b\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u81ea\u5df1\u4e00\u500b\u4eba\u8aaa\u4e86\u7b97\u7684\uff0c\u793e\u6703\u74b0\u5883\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u7684\u5be9\u7f8e\u548c\u9810\u7b97\u90fd\u6703\u727d\u8457\u4ed6\u5011\u3002\u300d\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u3001\u5efa\u7bc9\u53f2\u5b78\u8005\u8d99\u8fb0\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u5c31\u958b\u59cb\u7814\u7a76\u7ae5\u5bef\uff0c\u300c\u5728\u7576\u6642\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u51b7\u9580\u7684\uff0c\u76f4\u5230\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u5708\u5167\u5d07\u62dc\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\u591a\uff0c\u771f\u6b63\u7406\u89e3\u4ed6\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u6211\u60f3\u4e5f\u9084\u662f\u5c11\u7684\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u8d99\u8fb0\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u7ae5\u5bef\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u4f5c\u54c1\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u601d\u60f3\u4e4b\u9593\u9ad8\u5ea6\u7684\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u662f\u5708\u5167\u4eba\u5c0a\u5d07\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u91cd\u8981\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5efa\u7bc9\u696d\u8207\u793e\u6703\u806f\u7e6b\u6975\u5176\u5bc6\u5207\uff0c\u80fd\u505a\u5230\u6b64\u4e00\u9ede\uff0c\u4e26\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u3002\u300c\u7ae5\u5bef\u7368\u7279\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u7cbe\u795e\u5728\u90a3\u4e00\u8f29\u4e2d\u570b\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u8eab\u4e0a\u662f\u6975\u70ba\u53ef\u8cb4\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u80fd\u5920\u5728\u5f9e\u4e8b\u5efa\u7bc9\u696d\u9019\u500b\u8077\u696d\u7684\u5b78\u8005\u8eab\u4e0a\u5448\u73fe\u5247\u66f4\u662f\u96e3\u80fd\u53ef\u8cb4\u4e86\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u300c\u5927\u5c4b\u9802\u300d\u539f\u672c\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u696d\u52d9\u8a0e\u8ad6\uff0c\u537b\u56e0\u70ba\u4e0d\u540c\u6642\u671f\u7684\u6b77\u53f2\u8a9e\u5883\uff0c\u8b8a\u6210\u653f\u6cbb\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u7d46\u5012\u904e\u8a31\u591a\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u30021953\u5e7410\u6708\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u5efa\u7bc9\u5b78\u6703\u6210\u7acb\u5927\u6703\u4e0a\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u5176\u5148\u524d\u8a2a\u8607\u7684\u6240\u898b\u6240\u805e\uff0c\u4f5c\u4e86\u984c\u70ba\u300a\u5efa\u7bc9\u85dd\u8853\u4e2d\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u73fe\u5be6\u4e3b\u7fa9\u548c\u6c11\u65cf\u907a\u7522\u7684\u5b78\u7fd2\u8207\u904b\u7528\u7684\u554f\u984c\u300b\u7684\u5c08\u984c\u5831\u544a\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u300c\u5efa\u7bc9\u65e2\u7136\u662f\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u90a3\u5b83\u5c31\u5fc5\u7136\u662f\u6709\u968e\u7d1a\u6027\u3001\u6709\u9ee8\u6027\u7684\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u70ba\u61c9\u5c0d\u300c\u6c11\u65cf\u5f62\u5f0f\u300d\u7684\u9700\u8981\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5728\u5167\u7684\u8a31\u591a\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u56de\u982d\u54111920\u52301930\u5e74\u4ee3\u300c\u53d6\u7d93\u300d\uff0c1953\u52301954\u5e74\uff0c\u5317\u4eac<\/a>\u4e43\u81f3\u5168\u570b\u5404\u5730\u90fd\u5728\u8208\u5efa\u300c\u5927\u5c4b\u9802\u300d\u3002\u81f31955\u5e74\uff0c\u653f\u6cbb\u5f62\u52e2\u8b8a\u5316\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u56e0\u5021\u5c0e\u300c\u5927\u5c4b\u9802\u300d\u53c8\u906d\u5230\u56b4\u53b2\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u6210\u70ba\u5efa\u7bc9\u5b78\u754c\u300c\u5f62\u5f0f\u4e3b\u7fa9\u3001\u5fa9\u53e4\u4e3b\u7fa9\u932f\u8aa4\u300d\u7684\u4ee3\u8868\u3002<\/p>\n


\n\u6c34\u5f69\u756b\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u5a01\u5c3c\u65af\u8056\u99ac\u53ef\u5927\u6559\u5802<\/a>\uff0c1930\u5e74<\/p>\n

\u300c\u4e2d\u570b\u5712\u6797\uff0c\u5be6\u70ba\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ea6\u91cf\u4e4b\u85dd\u8853\u300d<\/h4>\n

\u56e0\u70ba\u300a\u6c5f\u5357\u5712\u6797\u5fd7\u300b\u57281963\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\uff0c\u4e14\u5805\u6301\u7528\u8c4e\u7248\u7e41\u9ad4\u7684\u6587\u8a00\u6587\uff0c\u300c\u7814\u7a76\u5730\u4e3b\u968e\u7d1a\u5712\u6797\u300d\u7684\u7ae5\u5bef\u5728\u300c\u6587\u9769\u300d\u671f\u9593\u66fe\u88ab\u52d2\u4ee4\u53cd\u8986\u5beb\u6aa2\u8a0e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7ae5\u660e\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u662f\u7ae5\u5bef\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6700\u5177\u50f9\u503c\u7684\uff0c\u300c\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u624d\u83ef\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u975e\u5e38\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u73fe\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u7576\u6642\u4ed6\u61c9\u8a72\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u6975\u5176\u7e41\u5fd9\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u72c0\u614b\uff0c\u662f\u4ed6\u8a2d\u8a08\u7684\u9ad8\u7522\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u53c8\u662f\u90a3\u9ebc\u52d5\u76ea\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4e00\u767e\u591a\u500b\u5712\u5b50\u5712\u6797\uff0c\u4ed6\u5f97\u53bb\u8abf\u7814\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u90a3\u9ebc\u591a\u7684\u53f2\u6599\uff0c\u8981\u5728\u9019\u9ebc\u77ed\u6642\u9593\u88e1\u6d88\u5316\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u7149\u51fa\u4e00\u4e9b\u80fd\u5920\u50b3\u4e16\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u89c0\u5ff5\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u7ae5\u660e\u611f\u5606\uff0c\u300c\u5230\u4eca\u5929\u70ba\u6b62\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u89ba\u5f97\u6b4e\u70ba\u89c0\u6b62\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u521d\u7a3f\u5176\u5be6\u65e9\u57281936\u5e74\u5c31\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u30021937\u5e745\u6708\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u8b80\u5b8c\u66f8\u7a3f\u5f8c\uff0c\u7a31\u4e4b\u70ba\u300c\u7cbe\u5fc3\u69cb\u601d\u7684\u5091\u4f5c\u300d\u3001\u4ed6\u7d66\u7ae5\u5bef\u5beb\u4e86\u4e00\u5c01\u9577\u4fe1\uff0c\u300c\u62dc\u8b80\u4e4b\u9918\u4e0d\u52dd\u4f69\u670d\u3002\uff08\u4e00\uff09\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77<\/a>\u767e\u5fd9\u4e2d\uff0c\u7adf\u6709\u5de5\u592b\u505a\u9019\u7a2e\u5de5\u4f5c\uff1b\uff08\u4e8c\uff09\u5de5\u4f5c\u5982\u6b64\u900f\u6f88\uff0c\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u591a\u7684\u5be6\u6e2c\u5e73\u9762\u5716\uff1b\uff08\u4e09\uff09\u6587\u737b\u65b9\u9762\u7adf\u641c\u5c0b\u8a31\u591a\u8cc7\u6599\uff1b\uff08\u56db\uff09\u6587\u7b46\u7c21\u6f54\uff0c\u6709\u5982\u660e\u4eba\u7b46\u6cd5\uff1b\uff08\u4e94\uff09\u5728\u5b57\u88e1\u884c\u9593\u66f4\u80fd\u770b\u51fa\u4f5c\u8005\u5c0d\u65bc\u5712\u6797\u7684\u611b\u597d\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u50c5\u662f\u6cdb\u6cdb\u7136\u89c0\u5bdf\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6df1\u5207\u7684\u8cde\u9451\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u300a\u6c5f\u5357\u5712\u6797\u5fd7\u300b\u624b\u7a3f\u5728\u4e2d\u570b\u71df\u9020\u5b78\u793e\u50b3\u95b1\uff0c\u71df\u9020\u5b78\u793e\u5275\u8fa6\u4eba\u6731\u555f\u9210\u6c7a\u5b9a\u5c07\u5176\u4f5c\u70ba\u5c08\u8457\u767c\u8868\uff0c\u7531\u71df\u9020\u5b78\u793e\u4f86\u767c\u884c\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5728\u4fe1\u4e2d\u544a\u8a34\u7ae5\u5bef\uff0c\u300c\u9019\u672c\u5927\u8457\uff0c\u6842\u8001\uff08\u6731\u555f\u9210\u5b57\u6842\u8f9b\uff0c\u665a\u5e74\u88ab\u4eba\u5c0a\u7a31\u70ba\u6842\u8001\uff09\u8b80\u7f77\uff0c\u9664\u8b9a\u6b4e\u5916\uff0c\u9813\u751f\u91ce\u5fc3\uff0c\u7adf\u60f3\u62c9\u4f60\u52a0\u5165\u5b78\u793e\u4f86\u505a\u8003\u53e4\u5de5\u4f5c\u5462\uff01\u300d<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6392\u5370\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u300c\u76e7\u6e9d\u6a4b<\/a>\u4e8b\u8b8a\u300d\u7206\u767c\uff0c\u5546\u52d9\u5370\u66f8\u9928\u5c07\u66f8\u7a3f\u9000\u56de\u71df\u9020\u5b78\u793e\u3002\u6731\u555f\u9210\u628a\u71df\u9020\u5b78\u793e\u5168\u90e8\u8abf\u67e5\u6e2c\u7e6a\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7ae5\u5bef\u9019\u672c\u66f8\u7684\u66f8\u7a3f\u3001\u7167\u7247\u3001\u6e2c\u7e6a\u5716\u7d19\uff0c\u5168\u90fd\u5b58\u653e\u5230\u5929\u6d25\u9ea5\u52a0\u5229\u9280\u884c\u7684\u4fdd\u96aa\u5eab\u88e1\u3002\u71df\u9020\u5b78\u793e\u70ba\u8eb2\u907f\u6230\u4e82\u800c\u5357\u9077\uff0c\u672c\u4ee5\u70ba\u9019\u4e9b\u73cd\u8cb4\u7684\u66f8\u7a3f\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e82\u4e16\u4e2d\u5f97\u5230\u4fdd\u5168\uff0c\u4e0d\u65991939\u5e74\u5929\u6d25\u5927\u6c34\uff0c\u9280\u884c\u88ab\u6df9\uff0c\u6731\u555f\u9210\u81ea\u8a00\u300c\u6211\u4e4b\u8ca0\u541b\u59d4\u8a17\uff0c\u60f6\u60f6\u4e0d\u77e5\u6240\u51fa\u300d\uff0c\u89aa\u81ea\u5230\u5929\u6d25\u6574\u7406\u6aa2\u9ede\uff0c\u4e26\u5c07\u66f8\u7a3f\u8a17\u4eba\u5e36\u5230\u4e0a\u6d77<\/a>\uff0c\u300c\u6b98\u300d\u74a7\u6b78\u8d99\u3002<\/p>\n

1963\u5e74\uff0c\u300a\u6c5f\u5357\u5712\u6797\u5fd7\u300b\u7d42\u65bc\u4ed8\u6893\u3002\u90a3\u6642\u4e2d\u570b\u5712\u6797\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u521d\u5177\u898f\u6a21\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u696d\u5167\uff0c\u7ae5\u5bef\u59cb\u7d42\u88ab\u5efa\u7bc9\u5b78\u79d1\u516c\u8a8d\u70ba\u4ee5\u79d1\u5b78\u65b9\u6cd5\u8ad6\u8ff0\u4e2d\u570b\u9020\u5712\u7406\u8ad6\u7684\u958b\u5275\u8005\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u570b\u53e4\u5178\u5712\u6797\u610f\u8da3\u9ad8\u5999\uff0c\u9020\u5712\u7406\u8ad6\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u537b\u6563\u898b\u65bc\u8a69\u6587\u3001\u7e6a\u756b\u4ee5\u53ca\u65b9\u5fd7\u5c0f\u8aaa\u4e2d\uff0c\u96e3\u4ee5\u68b3\u7406\uff0c\u660e\u4ee3\u8a08\u6210\u7684\u300a\u5712\u6cbb\u300b\u662f\u7f55\u6709\u7684\u7cfb\u7d71\u5c08\u8457\u3002\u7ae5\u5bef\u96d6\u7136\u5c0f\u6642\u5019\u8ddf\u8457\u7236\u89aa\u5b78\u904e\u4e03\u5e74\u6587\u8a00\u6587\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5f8c\u63a5\u53d7\u7684\u90fd\u662f\u65b0\u5b78\uff0c\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u9032\u5165\u4e2d\u570b\u6587\u4eba\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u540c\u6a23\u9700\u8981\u7cfb\u7d71\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u8a13\u7df4\u30021933\u52301937\u5e74\u56db\u5e74\u9593\uff0c\u4ed6\u62dc\u5728\u4e0a\u6d77<\/a>\u907f\u96e3\u7684\u6e6f\u6ecc\u70ba\u5e2b\uff0c\u6f5b\u5fc3\u5b78\u7fd2\u4e2d\u570b\u756b\uff0c\u9084\u8acb\u4e00\u4f4d\u8001\u5e2b\u6559\u7fd2\u6587\u8a00\u6587\u3002<\/p>\n


\n\u7ae5\u5bef\u8207\u7236\u89aa\u5728\u700b\u967d\u6d69\u7136\u91cc\uff0c\u7d041910\u5e74 \u5716\/\u53d7\u8a2a\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b<\/p>\n

\u300a\u6c5f\u5357\u5712\u6797\u5fd7\u300b\u9f90\u96dc\u7cbe\u6df1\u7684\u9644\u9304\u6587\u737b\u5145\u5206\u8b49\u660e\u4e86\u9019\u9580\u65b0\u5275\u5b78\u79d1\u9580\u6abb\u4e4b\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ee5\u81f3\u65bc\u7ae5\u5bef\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u90ed\u6e56\u751f\u5766\u8a00\uff0c\u300c\u4f9d\u611a\u6240\u898b\uff0c\u5177\u5099\u6709\u5982\u7ae5\u5bef\u5148\u751f\u7684\u6df5\u535a\u77e5\u8b58\uff0c\u8db3\u4ee5\u52dd\u4efb\u9019\u6a23\u8907\u96dc\u8ab2\u984c\u7684\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u4f3c\u7121\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4eba\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

70\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\uff0c\u7ae5\u5bef\u63a5\u5f85\u6b50\u6d32\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u4ee3\u8868\u5718\uff0c\u807d\u5230\u4ed6\u5011\u7adf\u7136\u4ee5\u70ba\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u5712\u6797\u662f\u5f9e\u65e5\u672c<\/a>\u50b3\u904e\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u4ed6\u6c7a\u5b9a\u518d\u5beb\u4e00\u672c\u95dc\u65bc\u4e2d\u570b\u5712\u6797\u7684\u66f8\uff0c\u7528\u82f1\u6587\u5beb\uff0c\u300c\u6211\u8981\u5beb\u5c31\u5beb\u5c0f\u518a\u5b50\uff0c\u8ddf\u65c5\u884c\u793e\u3001\u65c5\u904a\u90e8\u9580\u639b\u9264\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u64f4\u5927\u4e00\u9ede\u5f71\u97ff\u3002\u300d\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u4f86\u4e2d\u570b\u65c5\u904a\u7684\u5916\u570b\u8a2a\u5ba2\u4eba\u624b\u4e00\u518a\u3002<\/p>\n

1981\u5e74\u4ed6\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u300a\u6771\u5357\u5712\u5885\u300b\u7684\u82f1\u6587\u521d\u7a3f\uff0c\u5176\u5f8c\u5169\u5e74\u75c5\u91cd\uff0c\u4f4f\u9662\u6642\u4e5f\u651c\u5e36\u66f8\u7a3f\uff0c\u6642\u52a0\u8a02\u6b63\u30021983\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u75c5\u69bb\u4e0a\u53e3\u8ff0\u8a72\u66f8\u7d50\u5c3e\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u5169\u9031\u5f8c\uff0c\u9019\u9846\u7dca\u5f35\u800c\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u5fc3\u81df\u505c\u6b62\u4e86\u8df3\u52d5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u53ea\u662f\u90a3\u500b\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u82f1\u6587\u51fa\u7248\u5341\u5206\u4e0d\u6613\u3002\u76f4\u52301997\u5e74\uff0c\u7531\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u6c6a\u5766\u5c07\u82f1\u6587\u8b6f\u6210\u4e2d\u6587\uff0c\u624d\u51fa\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\u3002
\n
\n\u7ae5\u660e\u53c3\u8207\u4e86\u7b2c\u4e00\u7248\u300a\u6771\u5357\u5712\u5885\u300b\u7684\u7de8\u8f2f\uff0c\u300c\u66f8\u4e2d\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5712\u5b50\uff0c\u6211\u90fd\u8981\u8dd1\u4e00\u8d9f\u53bb\u6e2c\u91cf\u3001\u756b\u5716\u3002\u300d\u90a3\u6642\u4ed6\u6b63\u5728\u540c\u6fdf\u5927\u5b78\u8b80\u535a\u58eb\uff0c\u548c\u738b\u6f8d\u662f\u540c\u5b78\uff0c\u7d93\u5e74\u7d2f\u6708\u7684\u7de8\u8f2f\u5de5\u4f5c\u4ee4\u4ed6\u611f\u5230\u75b2\u5026\uff0c\u6bd4\u4ed6\u5927\u4e94\u6b72\u7684\u738b\u6f8d\u537b\u5f9e\u66f8\u7a3f\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u7cbe\u5999\u4e4b\u7b46\uff0c\u7ae5\u660e\u7d22\u6027\u62c9\u8457\u738b\u6f8d\u4e00\u9053\u53bb\u5be6\u5730\u52d8\u67e5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5728\u6771\u5357\u5927\u5b78\u8b80\u672c\u79d1\u6642\uff0c\u7ae5\u660e\u6bd4\u738b\u6f8d\u4f4e\u4e94\u7d1a\uff0c\u7cbe\u795e\u4e16\u754c\u6f8e\u6e43\u7684\u738b\u6f8d\u5f88\u9577\u6642\u9593\u90fd\u662f\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u5b78\u751f\u7684\u300c\u7cbe\u795e\u9818\u8896\u300d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u582a\u7a31\u7ae5\u5bef\u53e4\u5178\u5712\u6797\u601d\u60f3\u7684\u300c\u77e5\u97f3\u300d\u3002<\/p>\n

\u300c\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u8981\u5beb\u9019\u500b\uff1f\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4eba\u9858\u610f\u770b\uff1f\u53c8\u6709\u591a\u5c11\u4eba\u770b\u5f97\u61c2\uff1f\u300d\u7576\u5e74\u7ae5\u5bef\u7684\u9577\u5b6b\u7ae5\u6587\u5e6b\u52a9\u7956\u7236\u9304\u5165\u66f8\u7a3f\u6642\uff0c\u66fe\u7d93\u9019\u6a23\u554f\u904e\u7ae5\u5bef\u3002\u7ae5\u5bef\u6c89\u541f\u826f\u4e45\uff0c\u8aaa\u4e86\u4e00\u53e5\uff0c\u300c\u5f8c\u4eba\u7e3d\u6bd4\u6211\u5011\u8070\u660e\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u6bd4\u7ae5\u5bef\u5c0f\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u7532\u5b50\u7684\u738b\u6f8d\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u5c31\u662f\u4ed6\u6240\u671f\u5f85\u7684\u90a3\u500b\u8070\u660e\u4eba\u3002\u738b\u6f8d\u88ab\u7ae5\u5bef\u5728\u300a\u6771\u5357\u5712\u5885\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u500b\u95dc\u65bc\u5047\u5c71\u300c\u4ed9\u4eba\u6d1e\u300d\u7684\u767c\u554f\u64ca\u4e2d\uff0c\u300c\u5927\u610f\u662f\u300e\u4e00\u500b\u6b63\u5e38\u7684\u4eba\u600e\u9ebc\u80fd\u4f4f\u9032\u90a3\u9ebc\u5c0f\u7684\u6d1e\u4e2d\uff1f\u300f\u6211\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u8b80\u5230\u9019\u53e5\u8a71\uff0c\u7576\u6642\u6e3e\u8eab\u4e00\u6fc0\u9748\uff0c\u8166\u888b\u8f5f\u7684\u4e00\u4e0b\u3002\u9019\u500b\u770b\u4f3c\u5e7c\u7a1a\u7684\u554f\u984c\uff0c\u5207\u4e2d\u5712\u6797\u8a9e\u8a00\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u908f\u8f2f\u2026\u2026\u5b83\u8b93\u6211\u4e00\u4e0b\u5b50\u7406\u89e3\u5230\u5712\u6797\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\u90a3\u7a2e\u5c0f\u8207\u5927\u4e26\u5b58\u7684\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u908f\u8f2f\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

\u738b\u6f8d\u8aaa\u9019\u7a2e\u554f\u984c\u662f\u5efa\u7bc9\u53f2\u5b78\u8005\u4e0d\u6703\u554f\u4e5f\u554f\u4e0d\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u50cf\u7ae5\u5148\u751f\u90a3\u7a2e\u5c0d\u8a2d\u8a08\u904e\u7a0b\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u9ad4\u6703\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u624d\u6703\u554f\u5f97\u51fa\u4f86\uff0c\u7ae5\u5148\u751f\u5c0d\u8457\u5047\u5c71\u4e0a\u9019\u500b\u7570\u5f62\u5c0f\u6d1e\u4e00\u6307\uff0c\u300c\u5c31\u9ede\u51fa\u4e86\u5712\u6797\u8a9e\u8a00\u4e2d\u8996\u7dda\u548c\u5dee\u7570\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u73fe\u5834\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

2012\u5e74\u738b\u6f8d\u7372\u5f97\u5efa\u7bc9\u754c\u7684\u300c\u8afe\u734e\u300d\u666e\u5229\u8332\u514b\u5efa\u7bc9\u734e<\/a>\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u5a92\u9ad4\u8ffd\u9010\u7684\u300c\u660e\u661f\u300d\uff0c\u8a31\u591a\u4eba\u88ab\u4ed6\u81ea\u7a31\u300c\u696d\u9918\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u300d\u7684\u72c2\u50b2\u6240\u5438\u5f15\u3002\u800c\u9019\u500b\u540d\u865f\u4e5f\u4f86\u81ea\u65bc\u300a\u6771\u5357\u5712\u5885\u300b\uff0c\u7ae5\u5bef\u7a31\u4e2d\u570b\u5712\u6797\uff0c\u300c\u5be6\u70ba\u4e0d\u80fd\u5ea6\u91cf\u4e4b\u85dd\u8853\uff0c\u53ef\u8b02\u4e0d\u60dc\u4efb\u4f55\u4ee3\u50f9\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u50f5\u786c\u5e7e\u4f55\u3001\u523b\u677f\u79e9\u5e8f\u300d\uff0c\u800c\u80fd\u5920\u71df\u9020\u96c5\u5712\uff0c\u7d55\u975e\u5f9e\u897f\u65b9\u5efa\u7bc9\u9ad4\u7cfb\u4e2d\u8a13\u7df4\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u300c\u5712\u85dd\u5b78\u5bb6\u6216\u666f\u89c0\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\u300d\uff0c\u300c\u552f\u6587\u4eba\uff0c\u624d\u80fd\u56e0\u52e2\u5229\u5c0e\uff0c\u7c4c\u8b00\u4e00\u5ea7\u4e2d\u570b\u53e4\u5178\u5712\u6797\u3002\u5373\u4fbf\u4e00\u540d\u696d\u9918\u611b\u597d\u8005\uff0c\u96d6\u7121\u76db\u540d\uff0c\u82e5\u5177\u52c9\u53ef\u582a\u7528\u4e4b\u60c5\u8da3\uff0c\u4ea6\u53ef\u5b8c\u6210\u6b64\u4e00\u8a69\u6027\u6d6a\u6f2b\u4e4b\u4f7f\u547d\u3002\u9808\u8a18\u4e4b\uff0c\u60c5\u8da3\u5728\u6b64\u4e4b\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u9060\u751a\u6280\u5de7\u8207\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u300d<\/p>\n

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\u300c\u5efa\u7bc9\u5c31\u662f\u90a3\u9ebc\u4e00\u9ede\u4e8b\u5152\u300d<\/h4>\n

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