{"id":59042,"date":"2021-04-05T10:56:40","date_gmt":"2021-04-05T02:56:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/?p=59042"},"modified":"2023-10-20T11:26:16","modified_gmt":"2023-10-20T03:26:16","slug":"%e6%a2%81%e6%80%9d%e6%88%90-%e6%9e%97%e5%be%bd%e5%9b%a0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/%e6%a2%81%e6%80%9d%e6%88%90-%e6%9e%97%e5%be%bd%e5%9b%a0\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4e2d\u570b\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u5e2b\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u8207\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\uff0c\u8d64\u5b50\u4e4b\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e26\u80a9\u800c\u884c"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6881\u601d\u6210\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u5efa\u7bc9\u53f2\u5bb6\u548c\u5efa\u7bc9\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u65e9\u5e74\u5c31\u8b80\u65bc\u6e05\u83ef\u5b78\u6821<\/a>\uff0c\u5f8c\u5230\u7f8e\u570b<\/a>\u7559\u5b78\uff0c\u5728\u8cd3\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\uff08University of Pennsylvania\uff09\u7f8e\u8853\u5b78\u9662\u4fee\u7fd2\u5efa\u7bc9\u5c08\u696d\uff0c1928\u5e74\u56de\u570b\u5f8c\uff0c\u66fe\u5148\u5f8c\u4efb\u8077\u65bc\u6771\u5317\u5927\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u3001\u4e2d\u570b\u71df\u9020\u5b78\u793e\u548c\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d42\u5176\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5728\u73fe\u4ee3\u5efa\u7bc9\u6559\u80b2\u3001\u53e4\u5efa\u7bc9\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u57ce\u5e02\u898f\u5283\u3001\u6b77\u53f2\u6587\u7269\u4fdd\u8b77\u3001\u5efa\u7bc9\u5b78\u8853\u5718\u9ad4\u7684\u5275\u5efa\u548c\u7d44\u7e54\u7b49\u591a\u500b\u9818\u57df\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u5353\u8d8a\u8ca2\u737b\u3002\u5728\u8271\u82e6\u7684\u74b0\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u7684\u59bb\u5b50\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u7684\u540c\u884c\uff0c\u624d\u601d\u654f\u6377\u7684\u8a69\u4eba\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\uff0c\u4e00\u76f4\u8207\u4e08\u592b\u4e00\u8d77\u4e26\u80a9\u6230\u6597\uff0c\u5169\u4eba\u5171\u540c\u70ba\u65b0\u4e2d\u570b\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u4e8b\u696d\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u91cd\u5927\u8ca2\u737b\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u6881\u601d\u6210\uff081901\u20141972\uff09\uff0c\u7956\u7c4d\u5ee3\u6771\u65b0\u6703\uff0c\u751f\u65bc\u65e5\u672c\u6771\u4eac\u3002\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\uff081904\u20141955\uff09\uff0c\u7956\u7c4d\u798f\u5efa\u95a9\u4faf\uff0c\u751f\u65bc\u6d59\u6c5f\u676d\u5dde\u3002\u8cc7\u6599\u5716\u7247\"
\u6881\u601d\u6210\uff081901\u20141972\uff09\uff0c\u7956\u7c4d\u5ee3\u6771\u65b0\u6703\uff0c\u751f\u65bc\u65e5\u672c<\/a>\u6771\u4eac<\/a>\u3002\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\uff081904\u20141955\uff09\uff0c\u7956\u7c4d\u798f\u5efa\u95a9\u4faf\uff0c\u751f\u65bc\u6d59\u6c5f\u676d\u5dde\u3002\u8cc7\u6599\u5716\u7247<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u4fdd\u8b77\u53e4\u5efa\u7bc9\uff1a\u521d\u8b58\u5171\u7522\u9ee8<\/h3>\n

1948\u5e74\uff0c\u89e3\u653e\u6230\u722d\u5230\u4e86\u95dc\u9375\u6642\u523b\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u7814\u7a76\u9662\u9996\u5c46\u9662\u58eb\u6881\u601d\u6210\u88ab\u570b\u6c11\u9ee8\u653f\u5e9c\u7387\u5148\u5217\u5165\u201c\u5e73\u6d25\u5b78\u8853\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u77e5\u540d\u4eba\u58eb\u6436\u6551\u8a08\u5283\u201d\u540d\u55ae\u3002\u662f\u8d70\u9084\u662f\u7559\uff1f\u50cf\u5f88\u591a\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\u4e00\u6a23\uff0c\u5df2\u5728\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u5b89\u5bb6\u7acb\u696d\u7684\u6881\u601d\u6210\u592b\u5a66\u9762\u81e8\u8457\u9078\u64c7\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u5805\u5b9a\u5730\u7559\u5728\u4e86\u5927\u9678\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6881\u601d\u6210\u66fe\u81ea\u767d\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e4b\u6240\u4ee5\u7559\u5728\u5317\u5e73\u4e0d\u8d70\uff0c\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u7531\u65bc\u201c\u5c0d\u53cd\u52d5\u653f\u5e9c\u5df2\u4e0d\u5b58\u7d72\u6beb\u5e7b\u60f3\u201d\uff0c\u53e6\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\u662f\u5c0d\u793e\u6703\u4e3b\u7fa9\u6709\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u4ed6\u201c\u81ea\u5df1\u8a8d\u70ba\u5728\u601d\u60f3\u4e0a\u540c\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u662f\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u9858\u610f\u7559\u5728\u9019\u88e1\u7b49\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u4f86\u201d\uff08\u6881\u601d\u6210\u300a\u6211\u70ba\u8ab0\u670d\u52d9\u4e86\u4e8c\u5341\u9918\u5e74\u300b\uff09\u3002\u5176\u5be6\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u548c\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\u90fd\u662f\u5c0d\u653f\u6cbb\u4e0d\u71b1\u8877\u3001\u4e0d\u654f\u611f\u7684\u5b78\u8005\uff0c\u6881\u6c0f\u592b\u5a66\u505a\u51fa\u5982\u6b64\u6c7a\u5b9a\uff0c\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u662f\u51fa\u81ea\u5b78\u8005\u7684\u5bb6\u570b\u60c5\u61f7\uff0c\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u65bc\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u500b\u5b8c\u6574\u3001\u5f37\u5927\u7684\u6c11\u65cf\u570b\u5bb6\u5145\u6eff\u671f\u5f85\uff0c\u4e5f\u9858\u610f\u4ee5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e00\u6280\u4e4b\u9577\u670d\u52d9\u65bc\u65b0\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u76e1\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u793e\u6703\u8cac\u4efb\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u548c\u4e2d\u570b\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u7684\u521d\u6b21\u76f8\u9022\u8207\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u9818\u5c0e\u4e0b\u7684\u65b0\u653f\u6b0a\u5f88\u6709\u597d\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n

\u904e\u53bb\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u548c\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u5708\u5b50\u88e1\u591a\u662f\u7559\u5b78\u6b50\u7f8e\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u5206\u5b50\uff0c\u548c\u5de6\u7ffc\u5b78\u8005\u63a5\u89f8\u4e0d\u591a\u3002\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5c0d\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u7684\u597d\u611f\u662f\u9ede\u6ef4\u7a4d\u7d2f\u4f86\u7684\uff0c\u5982\u5bb6\u4e2d\u7684\u4fdd\u59c6\u7d66\u4ed6\u8b1b\u904e\u516b\u8def\u8ecd\u8ecd\u7d00\u56b4\u660e\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u9084\u6709\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4ed6\u89aa\u773c\u770b\u898b\u4e00\u500b\u89e3\u653e\u8ecd\u6230\u58eb\uff0c\u8d70\u4e09\u88e1\u8def\u5c31\u70ba\u4e86\u7d66\u8001\u9109\u6b78\u9084\u4e00\u500b\u7834\u67f3\u689d\u7b50\u5b50\uff0c\u9019\u8b93\u60c5\u611f\u8c50\u5bcc\u7684\u6881\u601d\u6210\u201c\u611f\u52d5\u5f97\u8aaa\u4e0d\u51fa\u8a71\u4f86\u201d\u3002\u66f4\u5927\u7684\u89f8\u52d5\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u7a81\u7136\u7684\u5230\u8a2a\u3002<\/p>\n

1948\u5e7412\u6708\u4e0b\u65ec\uff0c\u5169\u540d\u89e3\u653e\u8ecd\u8ecd\u5b98\u5728\u5f35\u595a\u82e5\u7684\u966a\u540c\u4e0b\uff0c\u5230\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u62dc\u8a2a\u6881\u5bb6\uff0c\u56d1\u6258\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5728\u8ecd\u4e8b\u5730\u5716\u4e0a\u6a19\u6ce8\u51fa\u5317\u5e73\u57ce\u5340\u53ca\u5468\u908a\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u7269\u5efa\u7bc9\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8feb\u4e0d\u5f97\u5df2\u9700\u8981\u653b\u57ce\uff0c\u70ae\u706b\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u958b\u9019\u4e9b\u5340\u57df\u3002\u5169\u8ecd\u76f8\u722d\u72c0\u614b\u4e0b\uff0c\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u7684\u5c0d\u6587\u7269\u7684\u91cd\u8996\u548c\u8b19\u865b\u6c42\u6559\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\uff0c\u8b93\u6881\u601d\u6210\u6df1\u53d7\u89f8\u52d5\uff0c\u4ed6\u548c\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\u6beb\u4e0d\u7336\u8c6b\uff0c\u7576\u5373\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u6a19\u6ce8\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u591a\u5e74\u5f8c\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u8ac7\u8d77\u9019\u6bb5\u7d93\u6b77\u6642\uff0c\u9084\u611f\u6168\u826f\u591a\uff1a\u201c\u7ae5\u5e74\u8b80\u300a\u5b5f\u5b50\u300b\uff0c\u2018\u7c1e\u98df\u58fa\u6f3f\uff0c\u4ee5\u8fce\u738b\u5e2b\u2019\u9019\u5169\u53e5\u8a71\uff0c\u90a3\u5929\u5728\u6211\u8166\u5b50\u88e1\u5177\u9ad4\u5316\u4e86\u3002\u904e\u53bb\uff0c\u6211\u5c0d\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u5b8c\u5168\u6c92\u6709\u8a8d\u8b58\u3002\u5f9e\u90a3\u6642\u5019\u8d77\uff0c\u6211\u5c31\u2018\u4e00\u898b\u50be\u5fc3\u2019\u4e86\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6881\u601d\u6210\u300a\u6211\u70ba\u4ec0\u9ebc\u9019\u6a23\u611b\u6211\u5011\u7684\u9ee8\u300b\uff09<\/p>\n

\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6881\u6797\u4e8c\u4eba\u7a4d\u6975\u914d\u5408\u7684\u614b\u5ea6\u548c\u8a8d\u771f\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u4e5f\u7d66\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u4eba\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u5370\u8c61\u30021949\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u5317\u5e73\u548c\u5e73\u89e3\u653e\u3002\u9ee8\u4e2d\u592e\u70ba\u4e86\u5728\u89e3\u653e\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\u4fdd\u8b77\u597d\u5404\u5730\u6587\u5316\u907a\u7522\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u7279\u5730\u6d3e\u4eba\u5230\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u8acb\u6881\u601d\u6210\u7de8\u5beb\u76f8\u95dc\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u5728\u6230\u722d\u4e2d\u907f\u514d\u6216\u6e1b\u5c11\u5c0d\u73cd\u8cb4\u53e4\u5efa\u7bc9\u7684\u7834\u58de\u3002\u9019\u662f\u6881\u601d\u6210\u4e00\u76f4\u64d4\u5fc3\u800c\u53c8\u4e0d\u6562\u5962\u6c42\u7684\u5927\u4e8b\uff0c\u4ed6\u63a5\u5230\u4efb\u52d9\u6642\u751a\u81f3\u611f\u52d5\u5f97\u8072\u6dda\u4ff1\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n

\u58eb\u70ba\u77e5\u5df1\u8005\u6b7b\u3002\u6881\u601d\u6210\u7a4d\u6975\u7d44\u7e54\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u6731\u66a2\u4e2d\u3001\u6c6a\u570b\u745c\u3001\u7f85\u54f2\u6587\u3001\u80e1\u5141\u656c\u7b49\u6559\u5e2b\u7d44\u6210\u5de5\u4f5c\u5c0f\u7d44\uff0c\u591c\u4ee5\u7e7c\u65e5\u7ffb\u66f8\u67e5\u8cc7\u6599\u3002\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\u5c0d\u6b64\u4e5f\u5341\u5206\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u5979\u548c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u4e00\u8d77\u5546\u5b9a\u4e86\u7de8\u64b0\u539f\u5247\uff0c\u9084\u7d30\u81f4\u5be9\u95b1\u4e86\u6700\u7d42\u5b9a\u7a3f\u7684\u689d\u6587\u3002\u6700\u7d42\uff0c\u53ea\u82b1\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u591a\u6708\u7684\u6642\u9593\uff0c\u5c31\u9ad8\u6548\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u4efb\u52d9\uff0c\u7de8\u7e82\u6210\u4e00\u672c\u300a\u5168\u570b\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u7269\u5efa\u7bc9\u7c21\u76ee\u300b\u30021949\u5e743\u6708\uff0c\u8a72\u66f8\u7684\u624b\u523b\u6cb9\u5370\u672c\u5c31\u5df2\u767c\u81f3\u8ecd\u4e2d\uff0c1949\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u53c8\u7531\u83ef\u5317\u9ad8\u7b49\u6559\u80b2\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u5716\u66f8\u6587\u7269\u8655\u925b\u5370\u767c\u884c\u3002\u9019\u672c\u300a\u5168\u570b\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u7269\u5efa\u7bc9\u7c21\u76ee\u300b\u96d6\u7136\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u7c21\u76ee\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u201c\u4e0d\u50c5\u5728\u89e3\u653e\u6230\u722d\u6642\u671f\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u4fdd\u8b77\u53e4\u5efa\u6587\u7269\u7684\u91cd\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u89e3\u653e\u521d\u671f\u958b\u5c55\u53e4\u5efa\u6587\u7269\u8abf\u67e5\u3001\u4fdd\u8b77\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e0a\u4e5f\u8d77\u5230\u4e86\u7a4d\u6975\u4f5c\u7528\u201d\uff08\u7f85\u54f2\u6587\u300a\u61b6\u6211\u8207\u6881\u601d\u6210\u8001\u5e2b\u5341\u4e8b\u300b\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\"\u6881\u601d\u6210\u624b\u7e6a\u5b9c\u8cd3\u820a\u5dde\u58e9\u767d\u5854
\u6881\u601d\u6210\u624b\u7e6a\u5b9c\u8cd3\u820a\u5dde\u58e9\u767d\u5854 \u8cc7\u6599\u5716\u7247<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u9019\u5169\u6b21\u5408\u4f5c\u7d66\u6881\u601d\u6210\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u6df1\u523b\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u800c\u5f8c\uff0c\u8207\u4e00\u4e9b\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u9ad8\u5c64\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u63a5\u89f8\uff0c\u8b93\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5c0d\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u7684\u597d\u611f\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u52a0\u6df1\u3002\u5317\u5e73\u89e3\u653e\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u6703\u8b70\u4e0a\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u521d\u8b58\u5f6d\u771f\uff0c\u5bd2\u6684\u4e4b\u969b\uff0c\u5f6d\u771f\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u6881\u555f\u8d85\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u7684\u5e7e\u53e5\u8a71\uff0c\u5c0d\u6881\u601d\u6210\u8aaa\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u76f8\u4fe1\u6881\u555f\u8d85\u5148\u751f\u8981\u662f\u6d3b\u5230\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u6703\u64c1\u8b77\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u7684\u3002\u201d\u5f6d\u771f\u5c0d\u6881\u555f\u8d85\u8457\u4f5c\u7684\u719f\u6089\uff0c\u8b93\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5403\u4e86\u4e00\u9a5a\uff0c\u4e5f\u8b93\u4ed6\u5c0d\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u7684\u5e79\u90e8\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u89aa\u8fd1\u611f\u3002\u4e4b\u5f8c\u4e0d\u4e45\uff0c\u5728\u7d66\u8001\u540c\u5b78\u7684\u4e00\u5c01\u4fe1\u4e2d\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u611f\u5606\u9053\uff1a\u201c\u6e05\u83ef\u6bd4\u5317\u5e73\u57ce\u65e9\u7372\u89e3\u653e\u4e00\u500b\u6708\uff0c\u5f9e\u89e3\u653e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u5929\u8d77\uff0c\u89e3\u653e\u8ecd\u7684\u7d00\u5f8b\u5c31\u7d66\u4e86\u6211\u5011\u6975\u6df1\u7684\u5370\u8c61\u3002\u63a5\u8457\u8207\u4e2d\u592e\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7a2e\u7a2e\u63a5\u89f8\uff0c\u770b\u898b\u4ed6\u5011\u865b\u61f7\u82e5\u8c37\uff0c\u5be6\u4e8b\u6c42\u662f\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\uff0c\u8033\u805e\u76ee\u898b\uff0c\u7121\u4e0d\u4f7f\u6211\u5011\u5fc3\u6085\u8aa0\u670d\u800c\u8208\u596e\u3002\u201d\uff08\u6881\u601d\u6210\u300a\u81f4\u7ae5\u5bef\u4fe1\u300b\uff09<\/p>\n

\u6295\u8eab\u65b0\u4e8b\u696d\uff1a\u4e3b\u4eba\u7fc1\u7684\u6fc0\u60c5<\/h3>\n

\u65b0\u4e2d\u570b\u9700\u8981\u4e00\u5957\u65b0\u6a19\u8b58\uff0c\u570b\u65d7\u3001\u570b\u6b4c\u548c\u570b\u5fbd\u7684\u78ba\u5b9a\u4fbf\u81ea\u7136\u800c\u7136\u5730\u63d0\u4e0a\u4e86\u8b70\u4e8b\u65e5\u7a0b\u30021949\u5e746\u6708\uff0c\u65b0\u653f\u6cbb\u5354\u5546\u6703\u8b70\u7c4c\u5099\u6703\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u5168\u9ad4\u6703\u8b70\u5728\u5317\u5e73\u8209\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u5f8c\u6c7a\u5b9a\u516c\u958b\u5fb5\u96c6\u570b\u65d7\u3001\u570b\u5fbd\u65b9\u6848\u53ca\u570b\u6b4c\u8a5e\u8b5c\u3002\u5728\u570b\u6b4c\u3001\u570b\u65d7\u7684\u78ba\u5b9a\u4e0a\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u4ee5\u5c08\u5bb6\u8eab\u4efd\u53c3\u8207\u4e86\u8a55\u5be9\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u5728\u570b\u5fbd\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e0a\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u548c\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\u5247\u64d4\u8ca0\u4e86\u8ca0\u8cac\u4eba\u548c\u9818\u5c0e\u8005\u7684\u91cd\u4efb\u3002\u6700\u521d\uff0c\u5728\u7c4c\u5099\u6703\u516c\u958b\u5fb5\u6c42\u570b\u65d7\u3001\u570b\u5fbd\u65b9\u6848\u7684\u555f\u4e8b\u767c\u5e03\u5f8c\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5373\u7d44\u7e54\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u71df\u5efa\u7cfb\u5e2b\u751f\u7a4d\u6975\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u201c\u5927\u5bb6\u61f7\u8457\u5c0d\u65b0\u4e2d\u570b\u7121\u9650\u71b1\u611b\u7684\u5fc3\u60c5\uff0c\u591c\u4ee5\u7e7c\u65e5\u5730\u7cbe\u5fc3\u69cb\u601d\uff0c\u7e6a\u5236\u4e86\u5e7e\u5341\u500b\u570b\u65d7\u5716\u6848\u548c\u5341\u591a\u500b\u570b\u5fbd\u5716\u6848\u9001\u53bb\u653f\u5354\u7c4c\u59d4\u6703\u201d\uff08\u6731\u66a2\u4e2d\u300a\u6881\u5148\u751f\u548c\u570b\u5fbd\u8a2d\u8a08\u300b\uff09\u3002\u5f8c\u4f86\u56e0\u70ba\u516c\u958b\u5fb5\u96c6\u4f86\u7684\u65b9\u6848\u6b20\u4f73\uff0c\u7531\u5468\u6069\u4f86\u63d0\u8b70\uff0c\u6539\u70ba\u7531\u6881\u601d\u6210\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u8a2d\u8a08\u7d44\u548c\u5f35\u4ec3\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u4e2d\u592e\u7f8e\u9662\u8a2d\u8a08\u7d44\u5206\u5225\u958b\u5c55\u8a2d\u8a08\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u5169\u7d44\u4e4b\u4e2d\u9078\u64c7\u4e00\u500b\u6700\u4f73\u8a2d\u8a08\u65b9\u6848\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5e36\u9818\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u71df\u5efa\u7cfb\u5e2b\u751f\u958b\u59cb\u4e86\u5ee2\u5be2\u5fd8\u98df\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4e00\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5145\u5206\u767c\u63ee\u4ed6\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u7a4d\u6975\u8abf\u52d5\u3001\u5206\u914d\u5404\u65b9\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\u3001\u6731\u66a2\u4e2d\u3001\u6c6a\u570b\u745c\u3001\u80e1\u5141\u656c\u3001\u7f85\u54f2\u6587\u3001\u83ab\u5b97\u6c5f\u7b49\uff0c\u90fd\u5f97\u4ee5\u5404\u76e1\u5176\u8cac\u3002\u8207\u6b64\u540c\u6642\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u9084\u89aa\u81ea\u5e36\u9818\u570b\u5fbd\u8a2d\u8a08\u5c0f\u7d44\u7684\u5e2b\u751f\u5011\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u505a\u65b9\u6848\uff0c\u5f9e\u52d5\u624b\u756b\u8349\u5716\uff0c\u5230\u7e6a\u6b63\u5f0f\u5716\uff0c\u5f9e\u5404\u65b9\u9762\u9032\u884c\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u53cd\u5fa9\u8a0e\u8ad6\u78cb\u5546\u3002\u8d85\u8ca0\u8377\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u8b93\u6881\u601d\u6210\u7684\u5065\u5eb7\u52a0\u5287\u60e1\u5316\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u7684\u8eab\u9ad4\u672c\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u597d\uff0c\u9752\u5e74\u6642\u5de6\u817f\u9aa8\u6298\u904e\uff0c\u5f8c\u53c8\u7f79\u60a3\u810a\u690e\u8edf\u7d44\u7e54\u786c\u5316\uff0c\u4e00\u7d2f\u5c31\u5bb9\u6613\u75c5\u5012\uff0c\u4f46\u75c5\u60c5\u518d\u91cd\u4e5f\u58d3\u4e0d\u4f4f\u4ed6\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u71b1\u60c5\u3002\u75c5\u5012\u5728\u5e8a\uff0c\u9084\u7d93\u5e38\u548c\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u540c\u4e8b\u8a0e\u8ad6\u65b9\u6848\u8a2d\u8a08\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\u548c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u4e00\u6a23\u5fd8\u6211\uff0c\u7528\u4ed6\u5011\u7684\u5152\u5b50\u6881\u5f9e\u8aa1\u7684\u8a71\u8aaa\uff0c\u5979\u4ee5\u4e3b\u4eba\u7fc1\u5f0f\u7684\u6fc0\u60c5\uff0c\u6068\u4e0d\u80fd\u628a\u904e\u53bb\u5728\u5efa\u7bc9\u3001\u6587\u7269\u3001\u7f8e\u8853\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u7b49\u8a31\u591a\u9818\u57df\u4e2d\u7a4d\u7d2f\u7684\u77e5\u8b58\u548c\u591a\u5c11\u5e74\u7684\u62b1\u8ca0\u3001\u7406\u60f3\uff0c\u5728\u4e00\u500b\u65e9\u6668\u7d71\u7d71\u52a0\u4ee5\u5be6\u73fe\u30021950\u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u5916\u5730\u7684\u5973\u5152\u6881\u518d\u51b0\u56de\u5bb6\uff0c\u767c\u73fe\u5ba2\u5ef3\u5df2\u7d93\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u500b\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u570b\u5fbd\u201c\u4f5c\u574a\u201d\uff0c\u7236\u6bcd\u6b63\u5168\u795e\u8cab\u6ce8\u57cb\u982d\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5bb6\u4e2d\u6c99\u767c\u4e0a\u3001\u684c\u5b50\u4e0a\u3001\u6905\u5b50\u4e0a\u64fa\u6eff\u4e86\u7d05\u3001\u91d1\u5169\u8272\u7684\u570b\u5fbd\u5716\u6848\u8349\u7a3f\u3002\u6709\u6642\u5019\uff0c\u8eab\u9ad4\u5be6\u5728\u865b\u5f31\uff0c\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e0d\u8eba\u5728\u75c5\u5e8a\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u6307\u5c0e\u5b78\u751f\u7e6a\u5716\uff0c\u6559\u4ed6\u5011\u756b\u4e94\u661f\u3001\u5929\u5b89\u9580\u3001\u7a3b\u9ea5\u7a57\u3001\u9f52\u8f2a\u7684\u6280\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n

\u56e0\u70ba\u5de5\u4f5c\u5f37\u5ea6\u904e\u5927\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u6700\u95dc\u9375\u7684\u570b\u5fbd\u5be9\u67e5\u6703\u8b70\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u5929\uff0c1950\u5e746\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u75c5\u5012\u4e86\uff0c\u7adf\u6c92\u6709\u8fa6\u6cd5\u53c3\u52a0\u73fe\u5834\u8a55\u9078\uff0c\u53ea\u597d\u59d4\u8a17\u6642\u4efb\u71df\u5efa\u7cfb\u79d8\u66f8\u6731\u66a2\u4e2d\u4ee3\u70ba\u51fa\u5e2d\u3002\u6700\u7d42\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u7387\u9818\u7684\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u8a2d\u8a08\u7d44\u52dd\u51fa\u3002\u6b64\u5f8c\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u53c8\u63a8\u85a6\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u6559\u6388\u3001\u96d5\u5851\u5bb6\u9ad8\u838a\u8a2d\u8a08\u5851\u9020\u570b\u5fbd\u7acb\u9ad4\u6d6e\u96d5\u6a21\u578b\u3002\u5fb5\u5f97\u4e2d\u592e\u9818\u5c0e\u7684\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u9ad8\u838a\u5c0d\u539f\u6709\u5716\u6848\u7d30\u7bc0\u9032\u884c\u4e86\u7cbe\u5fc3\u4fee\u6539\u548c\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\u30021950\u5e749\u670820\u65e5\uff0c\u4e2d\u592e\u4eba\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u6b63\u5f0f\u516c\u4f48\u4e86\u570b\u5fbd\u5716\u6848\u53ca\u5716\u6848\u8aaa\u660e\u3002<\/p>\n

\u4e2d\u570b\u4eba\u6c11\u82f1\u96c4\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u548c\u5efa\u9020\uff0c\u76f8\u6bd4\u570b\u65d7\u3001\u570b\u5fbd\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u8981\u5fa9\u96dc\u5f97\u591a\uff0c\u4e5f\u66f2\u6298\u5f97\u591a\u3002\u6881\u601d\u76f4\u63a5\u53c3\u8207\u4e86\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u548c\u65b9\u6848\u5be9\u67e5\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5728\u95dc\u65bc\u7891\u5ea7\u8a2d\u8a08\u98a8\u683c\u7684\u722d\u8ad6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u201c\u8d64\u5b50\u4e4b\u5fc3\u201d\u9ad4\u73fe\u5f97\u6dcb\u6f13\u76e1\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

1951\u5e74\uff0c\u5317\u4eac<\/a>\u90fd\u5e02\u8a08\u5283\u59d4\u54e1\u6703\u8a2d\u8a08\u7d44\u7e6a\u5236\u4e86\u4eba\u6c11\u82f1\u96c4\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u7684\u4e09\u7a2e\u8349\u5716\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u500b\u65b9\u6848\u7891\u5ea7\u662f\u65bc\u9ad8\u53f0\u88e1\u958b\u9580\u6d1e\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u56e0\u5728\u75c5\u4e2d\uff0c\u672a\u53ca\u904e\u76ee\uff0c\u5c31\u88ab\u5de5\u4f5c\u4eba\u54e1\u905e\u5448\u5e02\u59d4\u3002\u77e5\u66c9\u8a2d\u8a08\u65b9\u6848\u5f8c\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u7126\u6025\u842c\u5206\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a8d\u70ba\u9019\u7a2e\u8a2d\u8a08\u5728\u8996\u89ba\u4e0a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5b89\u5168\u611f\uff0c\u540c\u6642\u7f3a\u4e4f\u201c\u6c38\u5782\u4e0d\u673d\u201d\u7684\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u9084\u9055\u53cd\u7d50\u69cb\u5e38\u7406\u3002\u70ba\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u5411\u662f\u201c\u8b19\u8b19\u541b\u5b50\u201d\u7684\u6881\u601d\u6210\u6177\u6168\u4e0a\u66f8\u5317\u4eac<\/a>\u5e02\u5e02\u9577\u5f6d\u771f\uff0c\u76f4\u8a00\u4e0d\u8af1\u5730\u5c0d\u8349\u5716\u8a2d\u8a08\u63d0\u51fa\u6279\u8a55\uff0c\u8aaa\u670d\u5e02\u59d4\u653e\u68c4\u4e86\u9019\u4e00\u8a2d\u8a08\u601d\u8def\u3002<\/p>\n

\u6881\u601d\u6210\u5c0d\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u7684\u8a2d\u8a08\u5de5\u4f5c\u6301\u6709\u5341\u4e8c\u5206\u7684\u8cac\u4efb\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ed6\u8aaa\u8981\u201c\u4ee5\u5c0d\u570b\u5bb6\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u7121\u9650\u7684\u5fe0\u5fc3\uff0c\u5c0d\u82f1\u96c4\u5011\u7121\u9650\u7684\u656c\u4ef0\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4e0d\u6c57\u6d41\u6d79\u80cc\uff0c\u6230\u6230\u5162\u5162\u5730\u8981\u5b83\u5343\u59a5\u842c\u5e16\u624d\u653e\u81bd\u505a\u53bb\u201d\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u9054\u5230\u201c\u5343\u59a5\u842c\u5e16\u201d\u7684\u76ee\u6a19\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u548c\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\u4e0d\u50c5\u5728\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u5916\u5f62\u554f\u984c\u4e0a\u64da\u7406\u529b\u722d\uff0c\u9084\u5e36\u9818\u6e05\u83ef\u5e2b\u751f\u5438\u6536\u53e4\u4eca\u4e2d\u5916\u8a2d\u8a08\u7d93\u9a57\uff0c\u5728\u7891\u8eab\u7684\u5c3a\u5ea6\u3001\u6bd4\u4f8b\u3001\u66f2\u7dda\u4e0a\u505a\u4e86\u8a31\u591a\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u4f5c\u70ba\u8a69\u4eba\uff0c\u6797\u5fbd\u56e0\u5bcc\u6709\u6587\u85dd\u624d\u83ef\uff0c\u5979\u8ca0\u8cac\u4e86\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u7f8e\u8853\u8a2d\u8a08\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u70ba\u7891\u5ea7\u3001\u7891\u8eab\u8a2d\u8a08\u4e86\u5168\u5957\u7d0b\u98fe\uff0c\u4e26\u5c0d\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u7684\u6574\u9ad4\u9020\u578b\u3001\u7d50\u69cb\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u5f88\u6709\u50f9\u503c\u7684\u610f\u898b\u3002\u4ed6\u5011\u7cbe\u76ca\u6c42\u7cbe\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u6700\u7d42\u8b93\u7d00\u5ff5\u7891\u7684\u9020\u578b\u4ee5\u76e1\u53ef\u80fd\u5b8c\u5584\u7684\u72c0\u614b\u5448\u73fe\u7d66\u4e16\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f9e\u201c\u4ed6\u5011\u201d\u5230\u201c\u6211\u5011\u201d\uff1a\u8d64\u8aa0\u4e0d\u6539<\/h3>\n

\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u7684\u8cde\u8b58\u548c\u4fe1\u8cf4\uff0c\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u653f\u5e9c\u4e4b\u9593\u5e7e\u6b21\u6109\u5feb\u7684\u5408\u4f5c\uff0c\u8b93\u6881\u601d\u6210\u592b\u5a66\u7121\u6bd4\u632f\u596e\uff0c\u4e5f\u8b93\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u3001\u65b0\u653f\u5e9c\u7522\u751f\u4e86\u767c\u81ea\u5167\u5fc3\u7684\u8a8d\u540c\u3002\u201c\u6bcf\u4e00\u9805\u6210\u5c31\u90fd\u4f7f\u6211\u7684\u5fc3\u9032\u4e00\u6b65\u611b\u9019\u500b\u9ee8\u3002\u4e0d\u77e5\u4ec0\u9ebc\u6642\u5019\u8d77\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u7684\u5fc3\u88e1\uff0c\u5728\u6211\u7684\u8a71\u88e1\uff0c\u2018\u4ed6\u5011\u2019\u5df2\u7d93\u8b8a\u6210\u4e86\u2018\u6211\u5011\u7684\u9ee8\u2019\u4e86\u201d\uff08\u6881\u601d\u6210\u300a\u6c7a\u4e0d\u865b\u5ea6\u6211\u9019\u7b2c\u4e8c\u500b\u9752\u6625\u300b\uff09\u30021956\u5e74\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u4e4b\u524d\u7121\u8f9c\u906d\u5230\u4e86\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u4ecd\u7136\u7a4d\u6975\u7533\u8acb\u52a0\u5165\u9ee8\uff0c\u4e26\u76f4\u63a5\u5411\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u905e\u4ea4\u4e86\u5165\u9ee8\u7533\u8acb\u66f8\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684\u5b78\u751f\u6a13\u6176\u897f\u5f8c\u4f86\u56de\u61b6\uff0c\u5728\u548c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u7684\u4ea4\u8ac7\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u6211\u611f\u5230\u4ed6\u5c07\u9ee8\u770b\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u5f88\u7d14\u7cb9\u7684\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5177\u6709\u9ad8\u5c1a\u4eba\u54c1\u7684\u4eba\u624d\u80fd\u52a0\u5165\u201d\uff08\u6a13\u6176\u897f\u300a\u3008\u6881\u601d\u6210\u8207\u4ed6\u7684\u6642\u4ee3\u3009\u8b80\u5f8c\u611f\u300b\uff09\u30021959\u5e741\u6708\uff0c\u7d93\u6bdb\u6fa4\u6771\u6279\u793a\u3001\u9ee8\u4e2d\u592e\u540c\u610f\uff0c\u6881\u601d\u6210\u6b63\u5f0f\u52a0\u5165\u4e2d\u570b\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\u3002<\/p>\n

\u7d42\u5176\u4e00\u751f\uff0c\u5b78\u8005\u6881\u601d\u6210\u4ee5\u4e00\u7a2e\u5c11\u898b\u7684\u8d64\u8aa0\u71b1\u611b\u7956\u570b\uff0c\u71b1\u611b\u4eba\u6c11\uff0c\u71b1\u611b\u65b0\u793e\u6703\uff0c\u71b1\u611b\u5171\u7522\u9ee8\uff0c\u96d6\u7136\u5728\u7279\u6b8a\u6642\u671f\uff0c\u906d\u53d7\u5230\u4e86\u4e0d\u516c\u6b63\u7684\u6279\u5224\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f9e\u7121\u6028\u8a00\uff0c\u4ed6\u7d55\u5c0d\u4fe1\u4efb\u9ee8\u7684\u9818\u5c0e\u3002\u5176\u535a\u5927\u7684\u80f8\u61f7\uff0c\u5091\u51fa\u7684\u6210\u5c31\uff0c\u5c0d\u7956\u570b\u3001\u9ee8\u548c\u4eba\u6c11\u7684\u5fe0\u8aa0\u548c\u5949\u737b\uff0c\u8b93\u4eba\u7531\u8877\u656c\u4f69\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u6881\u601d\u6210\u662f\u4e2d\u570b\u8457\u540d\u7684\u5efa\u7bc9\u5b78\u5bb6\u3001\u5efa\u7bc9\u53f2\u5bb6\u548c\u5efa\u7bc9\u6559\u80b2\u5bb6\u3002\u4ed6\u65e9\u5e74\u5c31\u8b80\u65bc\u6e05\u83ef\u5b78\u6821\uff0c\u5f8c\u5230\u7f8e\u570b\u7559\u5b78\uff0c\u5728\u8cd3\u5915\u6cd5\u5c3c\u4e9e\u5927\u5b78\u7f8e\u8853\u5b78\u9662\u4fee\u7fd2\u5efa\u7bc9\u5c08\u696d\uff0c1928\u5e74\u56de\u570b\u5f8c\uff0c\u66fe\u5148\u5f8c\u4efb\u8077\u65bc\u6771\u5317\u5927\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u3001\u4e2d\u570b\u71df\u9020\u5b78\u793e\u548c\u6e05\u83ef\u5927\u5b78\u5efa\u7bc9\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":59043,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9971,3],"tags":[515,3725,3724,2083],"class_list":{"0":"post-59042","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-architecture-zh","8":"category-architects","9":"tag-515","10":"tag-3725","11":"tag-3724","12":"tag-2083"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59042","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=59042"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/59042\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/59043"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=59042"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=59042"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/forgemind.net\/media\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=59042"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}